{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T19:06:13Z","timestamp":1778007973032,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007771","name":"\u015al\u0105ski Uniwersytet Medyczny","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KNW-1-194-N\/9\/K"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KNW-1-194-N\/9\/K"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fructose malabsorption is regarded as one of the most common types of sugar intolerance. However, the correlation between gastrointestinal symptoms and positive results in fructose hydrogen breath tests (HBTs) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical importance of positive fructose HBT by correlating the HBT results with clinical features in children with various gastrointestinal symptoms. Clinical features and fructose HBT results were obtained from 323 consecutive children (2\u201318 years old, mean 10.7 \u00b1 4.3 years) that were referred to the Tertiary Paediatric Gastroenterology Centre and diagnosed as having functional gastrointestinal disorders. A total of 114 out of 323 children (35.3%) had positive HBT results, of which 61 patients were females (53.5%) and 53 were males (46.5%). Children with positive HBT were significantly younger than children with negative HBT (9.0 vs. 11.6 years old; p &lt; 0.001). The most frequent symptom among children with fructose malabsorption was recurrent abdominal pain (89.5%). Other important symptoms were diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, and flatulence. However, no correlation between positive fructose HBT results and any of the reported symptoms or general clinical features was found. In conclusion, positive fructose HBT in children with functional gastrointestinal disorders can be attributed to their younger age but not to some peculiar clinical feature of the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13082891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T10:24:17Z","timestamp":1629714257000},"page":"2891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["No Correlation between Positive Fructose Hydrogen Breath Test and Clinical Symptoms in Children with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Retrospective Single-Centre Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6764-8261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Kwiecie\u0144","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9481-8174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weronika","family":"Hajzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Doctoral School, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaudia","family":"Kosek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Students\u2019 Scientific Association of the Medical University in Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylwia","family":"Balcerowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Hospital No 1 in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominika","family":"Grzanka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Students\u2019 Scientific Association of the Medical University in Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weronika","family":"Go\u015bciniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Students\u2019 Scientific Association of the Medical University in Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2439-0931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"G\u00f3rowska-Kowolik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.46","article-title":"Hydrogen and methane-based breath testing in gastrointestinal disorders: The North American Consensus","volume":"112","author":"Rezaie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. 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