{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:45:28Z","timestamp":1791301528787,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although body mass index (BMI) is a potential risk factor for bronchiectasis in young adults, the association between BMI and incident bronchiectasis has not been well elucidated. This study included 6,329,838 individuals aged 20\u201340 years from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database 2009\u20132012 who were followed up until the date of the diagnosis of bronchiectasis, death, or 31 December 2018. We evaluated the incidence and risk of bronchiectasis according to the BMI category. The incidence rate of bronchiectasis increased as BMI decreased in a dose-dependent manner (p for trend &lt;0.01). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, being underweight was an independent risk factor for the development of bronchiectasis, with a hazard ratio of 1.24 (95% confidence interval, 1.19\u20131.30) compared to being normal weight. In subgroup analysis, the effect of being underweight on the development of bronchiectasis was more evident in males and older individuals (30\u201340 years) than females and younger individuals (20\u201329 years), respectively (p for interaction &lt;0.01 for both). These results remained significant in subgroup analysis in which subjects with comorbidities related to being underweight were excluded. Being underweight may be a novel risk factor for the development of bronchiectasis in young adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13093206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T12:00:44Z","timestamp":1631707244000},"page":"3206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Being Underweight Increases the Risk of Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis in the Young Population: A Nationwide Population-Based Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Bumhee","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyungdo","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0410-8524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Hyuk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1552-3205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong-Hwa","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju 28644, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Eun","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Wook","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Medical Center, Department of Family Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea"},{"name":"Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4812-0653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayoung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07441, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1038\/s41533-017-0019-9","article-title":"Raising awareness of bronchiectasis in primary care: Overview of diagnosis and management strategies in adults","volume":"27","author":"Chalmers","year":"2017","journal-title":"NPJ Prim. 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