{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T16:58:07Z","timestamp":1775581087959,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HR14C0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HR14C0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic disorder that causes excess lipid accumulation in the liver and is the leading cause of end-stage liver disease. Liriope platyphylla is a medicinal herb that has long been used to treat cough, obesity, and diabetes. However, the effect of Liriope platyphylla on NAFLD has not been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Liriope platyphylla root ethanolic extract (LPE) on hepatic lipid accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Six-week-old C57BL\/6 male mice were fed a HFD for 8 weeks and then treated with LPE (100 or 250 mg\/kg\/day) by oral gavage for another 8 weeks. Body weight gain and liver weight were significantly lower in the 250 mg\/kg LPE-treated HFD group than in the vehicle-treated HFD group. Histological analysis of liver sections demonstrated that LPE treatment reduced lipid accumulation compared to the vehicle treatment. The serum total cholesterol, AST, and ALT levels significantly decreased in the LPE-treated HFD group compared to those in the vehicle-treated HFD group. The LPE significantly decreases the protein expression levels of SREBP1, ACC, p-ACC, FAS, and SCD1, which are involved in lipogenesis, and PPAR\u03b3, CD36\/FAT, and FATP5, which are involved in fatty acid uptake, both in vivo and in vitro. Thus, LPE may attenuate HFD-induced NAFLD by decreasing lipid accumulation by inhibiting lipogenesis and fatty acid uptake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T21:40:30Z","timestamp":1632778830000},"page":"3338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Ethanol Extract of Liriope platyphylla Root Attenuates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice via Regulation of Lipogenesis and Lipid Uptake"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Trang Nu Huyen","family":"Le","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9235-5500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ho-Jung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea"},{"name":"Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1166-4932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hee-Sook","family":"Jun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea"},{"name":"Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Korea"},{"name":"Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Hospital, 21 Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21565, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-00381-6","article-title":"Global epidemiology of nafld-related hcc: Trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention","volume":"18","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2016.01.012","article-title":"Epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"65","author":"Fazel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Metab. Clin. Exp."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0104-9","article-title":"Mechanisms of nafld development and therapeutic strategies","volume":"24","author":"Friedman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"384","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A clinical update","volume":"5","author":"Pappachan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Transl. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"CD009059","article-title":"Herbal medicines for fatty liver diseases","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2018.11.014","article-title":"Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: From pathophysiology to therapeutics","volume":"92","author":"Polyzos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metab. Clin. Exp."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1177\/1756283X09359964","article-title":"Treatment options for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"3","author":"Lam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2015.12.012","article-title":"The multiple-hit pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld)","volume":"65","author":"Buzzetti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Metab. Clin. Exp."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1562945","article-title":"Fatty acid and glucose sensors in hepatic lipid metabolism: Implications in nafld","volume":"35","author":"Vacca","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.11.049","article-title":"Increased de novo lipogenesis is a distinct characteristic of individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"146","author":"Lambert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-018-2860-6","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of hepatic lipid accumulation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"75","author":"Ipsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119248","article-title":"Isoform 1c of sterol regulatory element binding protein is less active than isoform 1a in livers of transgenic mice and in cultured cells","volume":"99","author":"Shimano","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0630588100","article-title":"Triglyceride accumulation protects against fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity","volume":"100","author":"Listenberger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2013.19.3.210","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Molecular mechanisms for the hepatic steatosis","volume":"19","author":"Koo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Mol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI21047","article-title":"Splanchnic lipolysis in human obesity","volume":"113","author":"Nielsen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107434","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/107434","article-title":"Misregulation of ppar functioning and its pathogenic consequences associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in human obesity","volume":"2012","author":"Videla","year":"2012","journal-title":"PPAR Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-16-0513","article-title":"Hepatic lipid accumulation: Cause and consequence of dysregulated glucoregulatory hormones","volume":"234","author":"Geisler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G962","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00428.2015","article-title":"Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 alleviates liver cirrhosis via improvement of the dysfunctional gut-liver axis in rats","volume":"310","author":"Gao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.27.1257","article-title":"Induction of nerve growth factor by butanol fraction of liriope platyphylla in c6 and primary astrocyte cells","volume":"27","author":"Hur","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.06.037","article-title":"The korean traditional medicine gyeongshingangjeehwan inhibits obesity through the regulation of leptin and pparalpha action in oletf rats","volume":"119","author":"Jeong","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.04.039","article-title":"The insulin sensitizing effect of homoisoflavone-enriched fraction in liriope platyphylla wang et tang via pi3-kinase pathway","volume":"75","author":"Choi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.04.030","article-title":"Liriopis tuber inhibit ova-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in murine model of asthma","volume":"101","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.5625\/lar.2012.28.3.181","article-title":"Aqueous extract of liriope platyphylla, a traditional chinese medicine, significantly inhibits abdominal fat accumulation and improves glucose regulation in oletf type ii diabetes model rats","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lab. Anim. Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418912","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/418912","article-title":"Polyphenol-rich fraction of brown alga ecklonia cava collected from gijang, korea, reduces obesity and glucose levels in high-fat diet-induced obese mice","volume":"2012","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complementary Altern. Med. Ecam"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20701","article-title":"Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"41","author":"Kleiner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5","article-title":"A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues","volume":"226","author":"Folch","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000915","article-title":"Intestinal epithelial chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 7 overexpression protects against high fat diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis in mice","volume":"133","author":"Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chao, J., Huo, T.-I., Cheng, H.-Y., Tsai, J.-C., Liao, J.-W., Lee, M.-S., Qin, X.-M., Hsieh, M.-T., Pao, L.-H., and Peng, W.-H. (2014). Gallic acid ameliorated impaired glucose and lipid homeostasis in high fat diet-induced nafld mice. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096969"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.06939.x","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist, wy 14,643, improves metabolic indices, steatosis and ballooning in diabetic mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"27","author":"Larter","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seo, Y.-J., Lee, K., Song, J.-H., Chei, S., and Lee, B.-Y. (2018). Ishige okamurae extract suppresses obesity and hepatic steatosis in high fat diet-induced obese mice. Nutrients, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10111802"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6689727","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6689727","article-title":"Dendrobium officinale regulates fatty acid metabolism to ameliorate liver lipid accumulation in nafld mice","volume":"2021","author":"Lei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complementary Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2006.11.004","article-title":"A human hepatocellular in vitro model to investigate steatosis","volume":"165","author":"Donato","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. -Biol. Interact."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2784537","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2784537","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease cirrhosis: A review of its epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and prognosis","volume":"2018","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154170","article-title":"Complications, morbidity and mortality of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"111","author":"Mantovani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metab. Clin. Exp."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-9-25","article-title":"Dietary saponins of sea cucumber alleviate orotic acid-induced fatty liver in rats via pparalpha and srebp-1c signaling","volume":"9","author":"Hu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etp.2010.04.009","article-title":"Anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of silybum marianum in treatment of experimental steatohepatitis","volume":"63","author":"Aghazadeh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. Off. J. Ges. Fur Toxikol. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450116666150531155711","article-title":"Natural products on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"16","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S301741","article-title":"Joint effect of hepatic steatosis and alanine aminotransferase within the normal range on incident ischemic heart disease: A prospective study in koreans","volume":"16","author":"Jung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8746137","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8746137","article-title":"Pluchea indica (L.) less. Tea ameliorates hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and obesity in high fat diet-fed mice","volume":"2020","author":"Sirichaiwetchakoon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complementary Altern. Med. Ecam"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22363","article-title":"Dietary cholesterol, rather than liver steatosis, leads to hepatic inflammation in hyperlipidemic mouse models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"48","author":"Wouters","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ding, X., Guo, L., Zhang, Y., Fan, S., Gu, M., Lu, Y., Jiang, D., Li, Y., Huang, C., and Zhou, Z. (2013). Extracts of pomelo peels prevent high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in c57bl\/6 mice through activating the pparalpha and glut4 pathway. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0077915"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4771","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500337","article-title":"Il-25 or il-17e protects against high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice dependent upon il-13 activation of stat6","volume":"195","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urtasun, R., Diaz-Gomez, J., Arana, M., Pajares, M.J., Oneca, M., Torre, P., Jimenez, M., Munilla, G., Barajas, M., and Encio, I. (2020). A combination of apple vinegar drink with bacillus coagulans ameliorates high fat diet-induced body weight gain, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092504"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00014.2006","article-title":"Protein-mediated fatty acid uptake: Novel insights from in vivo models","volume":"21","author":"Doege","year":"2006","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.12816","article-title":"Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 plays a crucial role in hepatic lipid metabolism through regulation of cd36 expression","volume":"47","author":"Hosui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatol. Res. Off. J. Jpn. Soc. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100652","article-title":"Increased hepatic cd36 expression with age is associated with enhanced susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"6","author":"Sheedfar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mun, J., Kim, S., Yoon, H.G., You, Y., Kim, O.K., Choi, K.C., Lee, Y.H., Lee, J., Park, J., and Jun, W. (2019). Water extract of Curcuma longa L. Ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102536"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2012.07.010","article-title":"Slc27 fatty acid transport proteins","volume":"34","author":"Anderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Asp. Med."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2014.09.015","article-title":"Ppar gamma gene\u2014A review","volume":"9","author":"Janani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Clin. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952734","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/952734","article-title":"Ppar\/rxr regulation of fatty acid metabolism and fatty acid omega-hydroxylase (cyp4) isozymes: Implications for prevention of lipotoxicity in fatty liver disease","volume":"2009","author":"Hardwick","year":"2009","journal-title":"PPAR Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, M., Kang, C., and Lee, H.-J. (2021). Effect of bombyx mori on the liver protection of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on in vitro and in vivo models. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol., 43.","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb43010003"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ohashi, T., Nakade, Y., Ibusuki, M., Kitano, R., Yamauchi, T., Kimoto, S., Inoue, T., Kobayashi, Y., Sumida, Y., and Ito, K. (2019). Conophylline inhibits high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. PLoS ONE, 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210068"}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/13\/10\/3338\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:04:13Z","timestamp":1760166253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/13\/10\/3338"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["nu13103338"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13103338","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]}}}