{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T02:23:30Z","timestamp":1774319010085,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: To investigate the potential association among Craniopharyngioma (CP), chronotypes and metabolic risk profile. Subjects and Methods: The study population included 28 patients (46.4% males; 42.6 \u00b1 15.8 years) and 28 controls, age, gender and BMI matched (46.4% males; 46.5 \u00b1 12.9 years). In this study sample, we evaluated: anthropometric measurements (waist circumference, WC; BMI), plasma glucose, lipid profile, and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure. Morningness-Eveningness was measured with the Horne-Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), which included 19 questions about preferred sleep time and daily performance. Results: in both patients and controls grade I obesity was detected in 15 subjects (53.6%), grade II obesity in 13 subjects (46.4%). In the patient group, the mean score of chronotype was 47.8 \u00b1 12.6. In particular, 9 patients (32.1%) exhibited the morning chronotype, 6 (21.4%) the intermediate chronotype and 13 (46.4.%) the evening chronotype. No significant difference was found in gender and age among the chronotype categories. Patients with the evening chronotype had higher blood pressure values and worse metabolic parameters than those with the morning chronotype. In the control group, the mean score of the chronotype was 57.6 \u00b1 9.5. In particular, 16 (57.1%) subjects exhibited the morning chronotype, 10 (35.7%) the intermediate chronotype and only 2 (7.1.%) the evening chronotype. The prevalence of intermediate and evening chronotypes was higher in females than males (p = 0.021), while males have a higher prevalence of the morning chronotype. Subjects with intermediate and evening chronotypes had worse metabolic parameters than those with the morning chronotype. In patients, the chronotype score was inversely correlated to WC, BMI, SBP, DBP, plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and positively correlated with HDL cholesterol. No correlation was found between age and chronotype. In controls, the chronotype score was inversely correlated to WC, BMI, plasma glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol. No correlation was found among chronotype and age, blood pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol. Considering the whole population of the study (patients and controls), at logistic regression the chronotype score was significantly associated with the presence of CP. Conclusions: for the first time thus far, our study puts the light on the association of the CP with chronotypes and metabolic alterations in this disease, which are the main determinants of the reduced quality of life, higher morbidity and mortality in this setting of patients. This finding suggests that alterations of chronotype might represent an adjunctive risk for CP patients and a possible target for their integrate management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T21:38:09Z","timestamp":1632865089000},"page":"3444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Craniopharyngioma, Chronotypes and Metabolic Risk Profile"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Carolina","family":"Di Somma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Cattedra Unesco \u201cEducazione Alla Salute e allo Sviluppo Sostenibile\u201d, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Scarano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9054-456X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Barrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1535-8737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Solari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Riccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rossana","family":"Arianna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi Maria","family":"Cavallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiammetta","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elea","family":"Di Benedetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"de Alteriis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Colao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Cattedra Unesco \u201cEducazione Alla Salute e allo Sviluppo Sostenibile\u201d, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197604)37:4<1944::AID-CNCR2820370446>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Craniopharyngiomas.A clinical and pathological review","volume":"37","author":"Petito","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198802000-00029","article-title":"Malignant Transformation in Craniopharyngioma","volume":"22","author":"Nelson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2006-0002","article-title":"Craniopharyngiomas","volume":"27","author":"Karavitaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocr. 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