{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:32:46Z","timestamp":1788330766165,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003500","name":"University of Padua","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PhD Fellowship in Pharmacological Sciences"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PhD Fellowship in Pharmacological Sciences"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003500","name":"University of Padua","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences PostDoc Fellowship ARD-B 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences PostDoc Fellowship ARD-B 2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009878","name":"Regione del Veneto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POR-FESR 2014-2020, ASSE 1, AZIONE 1.1.4 - Project 3S_4H \u2013 Safe, Smart, Sustainable food for Health (ID 10065201)."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POR-FESR 2014-2020, ASSE 1, AZIONE 1.1.4 - Project 3S_4H \u2013 Safe, Smart, Sustainable food for Health (ID 10065201)."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009878","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are characterized by abdominal pain, bloating and bowel disturbances. FGID therapy is primarily symptomatic, including treatment with herbal remedies. Flower extract of Tilia tomentosa Moench (TtM) is occasionally used as an anti-spasmodic in popular medicine. Since its effect on intestinal response is unknown, we evaluated the influence of TtM extract on small intestine contractility. Ileal preparations from C57BL\/6J mice were mounted in organ baths to assess changes in muscle tension, following addition of TtM extract (0.5\u201336 \u03bcg\/mL) or a vehicle (ethanol). Changes in contractile response to receptor- and non-receptor-mediated stimuli were assessed in ileal preparations pretreated with 12 \u03bcg\/mL TtM. Alterations in the enteric nervous system neuroglial network were analyzed by confocal immunofluorescence. Increasing addition of TtM induced a marked relaxation in ileal specimens compared to the vehicle. Pretreatment with TtM affected cholinergic and tachykininergic neuromuscular contractions as well as K+-induced smooth muscle depolarization. Following incubation with TtM, a significant reduction in non-adrenergic non-cholinergic-mediated relaxation sensitive to N\u03c9-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (pan-nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) was found. In vitro incubation of intestinal specimens with TtM did not affect the myenteric plexus neuroglial network. Our findings show that TtM-induced intestinal relaxation is mediated by nitric oxide pathways, providing a pharmacological basis for the use of TtM in FGIDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T21:23:55Z","timestamp":1633728235000},"page":"3505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Influence of Tilia tomentosa Moench Extract on Mouse Small Intestine Neuromuscular Contractility"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7099-4475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Cerantola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Faggin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8204-8814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Annaloro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Mainente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Filippini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3187-2894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edoardo Vincenzo","family":"Savarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Oncological and Gastrointestinal Science, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Piovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9198-5252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianni","family":"Zoccatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0825-7965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Cecilia","family":"Giron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, 30126 Venice, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32115-2","article-title":"Functional gastrointestinal disorders: Advances in understanding and management","volume":"396","author":"Black","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30324-3","article-title":"Efficacy of soluble fibre, antispasmodic drugs, and gut-brain neuromodulators in irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Black","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. 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