{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T15:37:39Z","timestamp":1778254659201,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Studies of obstetric outcomes in women consuming low-carbohydrate diets have reported conflicting results. Most studies have defined low-carbohydrate diets by the percentage that carbohydrates contribute to overall energy intake, rather than by an absolute amount in grams per day (g\/d). We hypothesised that a low absolute carbohydrate diet affects obstetric outcomes differently than a low percentage carbohydrate diet. Dietary data were collected from overweight or obese women in the Study of Probiotic IN Gestational diabetes at 16- and 28-weeks\u2019 gestation. Obstetric outcomes were compared between women whose carbohydrate intake was in the lowest quintile vs quintiles 2\u20135. Mean gestation was increased in women whose absolute carbohydrate intake was in the lowest quintile at 16 and at both 16- and 28-weeks\u2019 gestation compared with all other women (16: 39.7 vs. 39.1 weeks, p = 0.008; 16 and 28: 39.8 vs. 39.1, p = 0.005). In linear regression analysis, a low absolute carbohydrate intake at 16 and at 28 weeks\u2019 gestation was associated with increased gestation at delivery (16: p = 0.04, adjusted R2 = 0.15, 28: p = 0.04, adjusted R2 = 0.17). The coefficient of beta at 16 weeks\u2019 gestation was 0.50 (95% CI 0.03\u20130.98) and at 28 weeks\u2019 gestation was 0.51 (95%CI 0.03\u20130.99) meaning that consumption of a low absolute carbohydrate diet accounted for an extra 3.5 days in gestational age. This finding was not seen in women whose percentage carbohydrate intake was in the lowest quintile. Low-carbohydrate consumption in pregnancy is associated with increased gestational age at delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T21:26:20Z","timestamp":1633728380000},"page":"3511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Consumption of a Low Carbohydrate Diet in Overweight or Obese Pregnant Women Is Associated with Longer Gestation of Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Helen","family":"Tanner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetric Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women\u2019s Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia"},{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen L.","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Mater Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonie K.","family":"Callaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetric Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women\u2019s Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia"},{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3365-3473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shelley A.","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1909-8920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marloes","family":"Dekker Nitert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"600","article-title":"The effects of carbohydrate restriction in patients with diet-controlled gestational diabetes","volume":"91","author":"Major","year":"1998","journal-title":"Obstet. 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