{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:20:24Z","timestamp":1792185624706,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":125,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Copper is an essential micronutrient for humans. A cross-sectional and comparative study was done to assess serum Cu levels and serum copper\/zinc (Cu\/Zn) ratio and its association with nutritional indicators in a series of children and adolescents with chronic diseases. Anthropometric, biochemical, dietary, body composition, and bone densitometry assessments were carried out. Serum Cu and Zn were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Seventy-eight patients (55% women) participated. The mean serum Cu in the entire series and by nutritional status through body mass index (BMI) was normal. Serum Cu decreased significantly with age and was meaningfully higher in children than in adolescents. The risk of finding altered Cu levels in children and men was higher than in adolescents and women, respectively. Twenty-two per cent of patients had abnormal serum copper levels, 13 had hypercupremia, and four had hypocupremia. The Cu\/Zn ratio was greater than 1.00 for 87% of the patients, which is an indicator of an inflammatory state. All patients with hypozincemia and hypocupremia had deficient Zn intake, but only 65% of the patients with hypercupremia had dietary Zn deficiency. Consequently, the Cu\/Zn ratio could indicate an inflammatory state and a high risk of zinc deficiency in this specific child population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T21:48:39Z","timestamp":1634161719000},"page":"3578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Copper and Copper\/Zn Ratio in a Series of Children with Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1295-3752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marlene","family":"Escobedo-Monge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Valladolid University, Avenida Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Barrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Science Faculty, Valladolid University, Campus Miguel Delibes, Calle Paseo de Bel\u00e9n, 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Parodi-Rom\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Faculty, Cadiz University, Paseo de Carlos III, 28, 11003 C\u00e1diz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Escobedo-Monge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Ba\u00f1uelos sn, 09001 Burgos, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Torres-Hinojal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Valladolid University, Avenida Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Marug\u00e1n-Miguelsanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics of the Faculty of Medicine, Valladolid University,\t  Avenida Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology and Pediatric Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Avenida Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300252","article-title":"Early-life origins of adult disease: National longitudinal population-based study of the United States","volume":"101","author":"Johnson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. 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