{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:29:19Z","timestamp":1760236159072,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,31]],"date-time":"2021-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIHR Oxford Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) and the Oxford-Wolfson-Marriott NDPCHS Graduate Scholarship","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Behavioural weight management interventions are recommended for the treatment of obesity in children. However, the evidence for these is limited and often generated under trial conditions with White, middle-class populations. Healthy Eagles is a behavioural weight management intervention designed to treat excess weight in children. It ran in the London Borough of Croydon from 2017 to 2020 and was delivered in both school and community settings, providing a natural experiment to compare outcomes. A total of 1560 participants started the Healthy Eagles programme; 347 were in the community setting and 703 in the school setting. Data were analysed for those who completed 70% of the programme. In the school setting, there was a small but significant reduction in BMI z-score (M = \u22120.04, 95% CI = \u22120.08, \u22120.01) for participants above a healthy weight, especially in those with severe obesity (M = \u22120.09, 95% CI = \u22120.15, \u22120.03); there was no significant change in any subgroup in the community setting. Linear regression analysis showed the school setting was associated with a 0.26 (95% CI = 0.13, 0.49) greater reduction in BMI z-score than the community setting after adjusting for ethnicity, deprivation, age and gender. Across both programmes, the effect was somewhat greater in participants from a Black (African\/Caribbean\/Other) ethnic background (M = \u22120.06, 95% CI = \u22120.09, \u22120.02) and from the two most deprived quintiles (M = \u22120.06, 95% CI = \u22120.11, \u22120.01). Data were limited, but minimal changes were measured in nutrition and physical activity behaviours regardless of setting. This evaluation provides indirect evidence of a small but significant benefit to running weight management interventions in a school versus community setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13113912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T22:24:22Z","timestamp":1635805462000},"page":"3912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Natural Experiment Comparing the Effectiveness of the \u201cHealthy Eagles\u201d Child Weight Management Intervention in School Versus Community Settings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5619-2679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa","family":"Little","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK"},{"name":"Nutrition and Dietetics, Foodtalk CIC, London SE16 6SG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shirley","family":"Serber-Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Dietetics, Foodtalk CIC, London SE16 6SG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Kebbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK"},{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology and Women\u2019s Health Laboratory, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul N.","family":"Aveyard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan A.","family":"Jebb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2021, May 05). 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