{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T03:18:55Z","timestamp":1779333535574,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GT1123603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GT1123603"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Several observational studies have examined vitamin D pathway polymorphisms and their association with type 1 diabetes (T1D) susceptibility, with inconclusive results. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing associations between selected variants affecting 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and T1D risk. We conducted a systematic search of Medline, Embase, Web of Science and OpenGWAS updated in April 2021. The following keywords \u201cvitamin D\u201d and\/or \u201csingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)\u201d and \u201cT1D\u201d were selected to identify relevant articles. Seven SNPs (or their proxies) in six genes were analysed: CYP2R1 rs10741657, CYP2R1 (low frequency) rs117913124, DHCR7\/NADSYN1 rs12785878, GC rs3755967, CYP24A1 rs17216707, AMDHD1 rs10745742 and SEC23A rs8018720. Seven case-control and three cohort studies were eligible for quantitative synthesis (n = 10). Meta-analysis results suggested no association with T1D (range of pooled ORs for all SNPs: 0.97\u20131.02; p &gt; 0.01). Heterogeneity was found in DHCR7\/NADSYN1 rs12785878 (I2: 64.8%, p = 0.02). Sensitivity analysis showed exclusion of any single study did not alter the overall pooled effect. No association with T1D was observed among a Caucasian subgroup. In conclusion, the evidence from the meta-analysis indicates a null association between selected variants affecting serum 25(OH)D concentrations and T1D.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T23:22:56Z","timestamp":1638314576000},"page":"4260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Vitamin D and Type 1 Diabetes Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Genetic Evidence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Liana","family":"Najjar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Precision Health, Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, P.O. Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Sutherland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Precision Health, Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, P.O. Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Precision Health, Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, P.O. Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia"},{"name":"South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3670-9399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elina","family":"Hypp\u00f6nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Precision Health, Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, P.O. Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia"},{"name":"South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R38","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-17-0347","article-title":"On type 1 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis","volume":"7","author":"Paschou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr. 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