{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:57:36Z","timestamp":1790693856181,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterised by disrupted and restrictive eating patterns. Recent investigations and meta-analyses have found altered concentrations of inflammatory markers in people with current AN. We aimed to assess nutrient intake in participants with current or recovered AN, as compared to healthy individuals, and explore group differences in dietary inflammatory potential as a possible explanation for the observed alterations in inflammatory markers. We recruited participants with current AN (n = 51), those recovered from AN (n = 23), and healthy controls (n = 49). We used the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), to calculate a Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII\u00ae) score and collected blood samples to measure serum concentrations of inflammatory markers. In current AN participants, we found lower intake of cholesterol, compared to HCs, and lower consumption of zinc and protein, compared to HC and recovered AN participants. A one-way ANOVA revealed no significant group differences in DII score. Multivariable regression analyses showed that DII scores were significantly associated with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 concentrations in our current AN sample. Our findings on nutrient intake are partially consistent with previous research. The lack of group differences in DII score, perhaps suggests that diet is not a key contributor to altered inflammatory marker concentrations in current and recovered AN. Future research would benefit from including larger samples and using multiple 24-h dietary recalls to assess dietary intake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T21:46:58Z","timestamp":1639086418000},"page":"4400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Nutrient Intake and Dietary Inflammatory Potential in Current and Recovered Anorexia Nervosa"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7867-5110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia","family":"Patsalos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0898-1926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bethan","family":"Dalton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christia","family":"Kyprianou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Firth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"},{"name":"NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia"},{"name":"Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M25 3BL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Shivappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0677-2672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James R.","family":"H\u00e9bert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1335-1937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrike","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK"},{"name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1209-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hubertus","family":"Himmerich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK"},{"name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74","article-title":"Mortality Rates in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa and Other Eating Disorders","volume":"68","author":"Arcelus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. 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