{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:05:41Z","timestamp":1791461141708,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Western diet, characterized by excessive consumption of animal protein and reduced intake of vegetables and fruits, is also rich in sulfur, chlorine, and organic acids, which are the main sources of dietary acid load. A relationship between dietary acid load, renal function, and progression of chronic kidney disease has been demonstrated. Dietary modifications seem to contribute to a reduction in dietary acid load, and are associated with improved outcomes in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this paper was to review the existing evidence concerning the association between dietary acid load and renal function in nondialyzed individuals with CKD. A systematic review was conducted by gathering articles in electronic databases (MEDLINE\/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) from January 2018 to May 2021. Dietary acid load and GFR and\/or albuminuria were analyzed. A total of 1078 articles were extracted, of which 5 met the inclusion criteria. Only one study found no statistically significant associations between the study variables. The remaining showed a negative association between dietary acid load and renal function. This systematic review confirmed the existence of an association between dietary acid load and renal function, with a high dietary acid load contributing to a decreased renal function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14010170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T23:29:07Z","timestamp":1640906947000},"page":"170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Dietary Acid Load and Relationship with Albuminuria and Glomerular Filtration Rate in Individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease at Predialysis State"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lu\u00edsa","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Beatriz \u00c2ngelo Hospital, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal"},{"name":"ESTeSL\u2014Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Sa\u00fade de Lisboa, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara Alegria","family":"Mo\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Beatriz \u00c2ngelo Hospital, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0942-7601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Luz","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESTeSL\u2014Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Sa\u00fade de Lisboa, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"APPsyCI\u2014ISPA, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreia Sousa","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Beatriz \u00c2ngelo Hospital, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7031-6738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Catarina","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESTeSL\u2014Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Sa\u00fade de Lisboa, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"H&TRC\u2014Health and Technology Research Center, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ko, B.J., Chang, Y., Ryu, S., Kim, E.M., Lee, M.Y., Hyun, Y.Y., and Lee, K.B. 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