{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:17:14Z","timestamp":1788455834986,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]],"date-time":"2021-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Delayed onset of minimal enteral nutrition compromises the immune response of preterm infants, increasing the risk of colonization and clinical complications (e.g., late-onset sepsis). This study aimed to analyze associations between late-onset sepsis in very low birth weight infants (&lt;1500 g) and days of parenteral nutrition, days to reach full enteral nutrition, and maternal and nutritional factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with very low birth weight infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a reference maternity hospital of high-risk deliveries. Data regarding days of parenteral nutrition, days to reach full enteral nutrition, fasting days, extrauterine growth restriction, and NICU length of stay were extracted from online medical records. Late-onset sepsis was diagnosed (clinical or laboratory) after 48 h of life. Chi-squared, Mann\u2013Whitney tests, and binary logistic regression were applied. Results: A total of 97 preterm infants were included. Of those, 75 presented late-onset sepsis with clinical (n = 40) or laboratory (n = 35) diagnosis. Maternal urinary tract infection, prolonged parenteral nutrition (&gt;14 days), and extrauterine growth restriction presented 4.24-fold, 4.86-fold, and 4.90-fold higher chance of late-onset sepsis, respectively. Conclusion: Very low birth weight infants with late-onset sepsis had prolonged parenteral nutrition and took longer to reach full enteral nutrition. They also presented a higher prevalence of extrauterine growth restriction than infants without late-onset sepsis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14010196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,9]],"date-time":"2022-01-09T20:21:56Z","timestamp":1641759716000},"page":"196","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Nutritional Factors Associated with Late-Onset Sepsis in Very Low Birth Weight Newborns"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2846-1568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliany Caroline Silva","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternidade Escola Janu\u00e1rio Cicco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Ver\u00f4nica Dantas","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternidade Escola Janu\u00e1rio Cicco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7746-5840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena de Carvalho","family":"Monte de Prada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternidade Escola Janu\u00e1rio Cicco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur Pedro","family":"Marinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternidade Escola Janu\u00e1rio Cicco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerolaynne Fonseca","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternidade Escola Janu\u00e1rio Cicco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suianny Karla de Oliveira","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternidade Escola Janu\u00e1rio Cicco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8092-2846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila Dayze Pereira","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternidade Escola Janu\u00e1rio Cicco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saionara Maria Aires","family":"da C\u00e2mara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59075-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7319-5011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Christina do Nascimento Granjeiro","family":"Barreto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternidade Escola Janu\u00e1rio Cicco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6226-2837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvana Alves","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternidade Escola Janu\u00e1rio Cicco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-300, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59075-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001570","article-title":"Late-onset sepsis in extremely premature infants: 2000\u20132011","volume":"36","author":"Greenberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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