{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:49:36Z","timestamp":1760402976359,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,2]],"date-time":"2022-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Brandenburg Ministry of Sciences, Research and Cultural Affairs.","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Men and women with valvular heart disease have different risk profiles for clinical endpoints. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are possibly involved in cardio-metabolic disease. However, it is unclear whether NEFA concentrations are associated with physical performance in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and whether there are sex-specific effects. Methods: To test the hypothesis that NEFA concentration is associated with sex-specific physical performance, we prospectively analysed data from one hundred adult patients undergoing TAVI. NEFA concentrations, physical performance and anthropometric parameters were measured before and 6 and 12 months after TAVI. Physical performance was determined by a six-minute walking test (6-MWT) and self-reported weekly bicycle riding time. Results: Before TAVI, NEFA concentrations were higher in patients (44 women, 56 men) compared to the normal population. Median NEFA concentrations at 6 and 12 months after TAVI were within the reference range reported in the normal population in men but not women. Men but not women presented with an increased performance in the 6-MWT over time (p = 0.026, p = 0.142, respectively). Additionally, men showed an increased ability to ride a bicycle after TAVI compared to before TAVI (p = 0.034). NEFA concentrations before TAVI correlated with the 6-MWT before TAVI in women (Spearman\u2019s rho \u22120.552; p = 0.001) but not in men (Spearman\u2019s rho \u22120.007; p = 0.964). No association was found between NEFA concentrations and physical performance 6 and 12 months after TAVI. Conclusions: NEFA concentrations improved into the reference range in men but not women after TAVI. Men but not women have an increased physical performance after TAVI. No association between NEFA and physical performance was observed in men and women after TAVI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14010203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,9]],"date-time":"2022-01-09T20:21:56Z","timestamp":1641759716000},"page":"203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Physical Performance and Non-Esterified Fatty Acids in Men and Women after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Michaela","family":"H\u00e4rdrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre Brandenburg Bernau, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane, 16321 Bernau, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6881-2249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Haase-Fielitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre Brandenburg Bernau, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane, 16321 Bernau, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Social Medicine & Health Care Systems Research, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8522-1045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"Fielitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany"},{"name":"Experimental & Clinical Research Centre (ECRC), a Joint Cooperation between Charit\u00e9\u2014University Medicine Berlin and Max Delbr\u00fcck Centre (MDC) for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Boschmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental & Clinical Research Centre (ECRC), a Joint Cooperation between Charit\u00e9\u2014University Medicine Berlin and Max Delbr\u00fcck Centre (MDC) for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3583-8546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Pivovarova-Ramich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"},{"name":"Department Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (Deutsches Zentrum F\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V.), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6887-0016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas F. H.","family":"Pfeiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (Deutsches Zentrum F\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V.), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Rudovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Spital STS AG, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Spital B\u00fclach, 8180 B\u00fclach, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5361-4327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karsten H.","family":"Weylandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Divisions of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Haematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Ruppiner Kliniken, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Butter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre Brandenburg Bernau, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane, 16321 Bernau, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvt040","article-title":"Biomechanical factors in the biology of aortic wall and aortic valve diseases","volume":"99","author":"Gasser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. 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