{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:27:07Z","timestamp":1792621627800,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008675","name":"Zayed University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R18030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R18030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008675","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with sleep disorders and poor sleep quality. Whether vitamin D supplementation (VDS) helps resolve these problems remains unclear. Objective: To systematically review the effect of VDS on sleep quantity, quality, and disorders, and perform a meta-analysis of available data. Methods: The reporting of this review followed the PRISMA statement. VDS human interventions studies that reported on sleep quality, quantity, or disorders were included. Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycInfo, the Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov, and the ICTRP were searched, in addition to the references of the included articles and previous relevant reviews, without language or time restrictions. Included studies were critically appraised, findings were narratively synthesized, and a meta-analysis was conducted. Furthermore, the overall certainty of the evidence was assessed. Results: A total of 19 studies were included (13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 1 opportunistic addition to an RCT, 4 pre\u2013post studies, and 1 pre\u2013post study analyzed as a case series); 3 RCTs were meta-analyses. The risk of bias was generally low. Pre\u2013post studies showed a significant improvement in sleep quality with VDS. Similarly, the results of the meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index with VDS compared with placebo (mean difference, \u22122.33 (95% CI, \u22123.09, \u22121.57); p &lt; 0.001; I2 = 0%), with a moderate certainty of evidence. The results regarding the effect of VDS on sleep-related impairment, difficulty, and disorders, as well as sleepiness and restless legs syndrome, were not unanimous. Conclusions: VDS is promising in improving sleep quality; however, its effect on sleep quantity and disorders needs to be further investigated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14051076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T20:36:30Z","timestamp":1646339790000},"page":"1076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Vitamin D Supplementation and Sleep: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8025-7823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myriam","family":"Abboud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"zsy083","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsy083","article-title":"The economic cost of inadequate sleep","volume":"41","author":"Hillman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.2165\/11537390-000000000-00000","article-title":"Economic implications of sleep disorders","volume":"28","author":"Skaer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0970","article-title":"International classification of sleep disorders-third edition: Highlights and modifications","volume":"146","author":"Sateia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3109\/00207459408986068","article-title":"The prevalence of self-reported sleep disturbances in young adults","volume":"79","author":"Coren","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. 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