{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T23:42:07Z","timestamp":1782344527446,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consejer\u00eda de Salud. Junta de Andaluc\u00eda (Spain), Proyectos de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud [Regional Ministry of Health. Junta de Andaluc\u00eda (Spain), Health Research Projects]","award":["PI-0129-2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI-0129-2017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the possible neuroprotective effect of 3\u2032,4\u2032-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), a polyphenol from extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), in an experimental model of diabetes and whether this effect is modified by the presence of another EVOO polyphenol, hydroxytyrosol (HT). The neuroprotective effect was assessed in a hypoxia\u2013reoxygenation model in brain slices and by quantifying retinal nerve cells. The animals were distributed as follows: (1) normoglycemic rats (NDR), (2) diabetic rats (DR), (3) DR treated with HT (5 mg\/kg\/day p.o.), (4) DR treated with DHPG (0.5 mg\/kg\/day), or (5) with 1 mg\/kg\/day, (6) DR treated with HT plus DHPG 0.5 mg\/kg\/day, or (7) HT plus 1 mg\/kg\/day p.o. DHPG. Diabetic animals presented higher levels of oxidative stress variables and lower numbers of neuronal cells in retinal tissue. The administration of DHPG or HT reduced most of the oxidative stress variables and brain lactate dehydrogenase efflux (LDH) as an indirect index of cellular death and also reduced the loss of retinal cells. The association of DHPG+HT in the same proportions, as found in EVOO, improved the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of both polyphenols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14061146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T01:53:54Z","timestamp":1646790834000},"page":"1146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Neuroprotective Effect of 3\u2032,4\u2032-Dihydroxyphenylglycol in Type-1-like Diabetic Rats\u2014Influence of the Hydroxytyrosol\/3\u2032,4\u2032-dihydroxyphenylglycol Ratio"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8722-4378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Dolores","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Institute (IBIMA), School of Medicine, University of M\u00e1laga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"P\u00e9rez de Algaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Department, Public Hospital, Montilla, 14550 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Mart\u00edn-Aurioles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UGC La Roca, District Sanitary of M\u00e1laga-Guadalhorce, 29001 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4843-0718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Monsalud","family":"Arrebola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UGC Cl\u00ednical Laboratory, Hospital Axarqu\u00eda, AGSEMA, 29740 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Ortega-Hombrados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Institute (IBIMA), School of Medicine, University of M\u00e1laga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Verdugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Institute (IBIMA), School of Medicine, University of M\u00e1laga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8292-3081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda \u00c1frica","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Prior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Ctra. Utrera Km 1, Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3632-3595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandra","family":"Berm\u00fadez-Oria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Ctra. Utrera Km 1, Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9613-6660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Pedro","family":"De La Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Institute (IBIMA), School of Medicine, University of M\u00e1laga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8862-3760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Institute (IBIMA), School of Medicine, University of M\u00e1laga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13726","article-title":"Revisiting the strategies for the pharmacological management of type 2 diabetes\u2014From glycemic control, organ protection, safety to weight reduction","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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