{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:59:40Z","timestamp":1787029180389,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although the benefits of the consumption of green tea and its components, including catechins and theanine, regarding aging, memory impairment and age-related cognitive decline have been investigated in senescence-accelerated prone mice (SAMP8), studies that simultaneously measured the kinds of proteins that vary in their expression due to the administration of green tea and its extracts were not found. In this study, the effect of dietary and decaffeinated matcha on protein expression in the hippocampus of SAMP 8 was examined comprehensively, mainly using proteomics. Although improvements in memory and the hair appearance of the back coat were limited upon administering the samples, the following regulations were observed in some of the proteins involved in neuron degeneration, Parkinson\u2019s and Alzheimer\u2019s diseases, synapse transmission and nerve cell plasticity, antioxidation, glutamate transport and metabolism, GABA (\u03b3-amino butyric acid) formation and transport and excitatory amino acid transporters: proteins downregulated upon sample intake (p &lt; 0.05): brain acid-soluble protein 1, microtubule-associated protein tau, synapsin-2, sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter; proteins that tended to decrease upon sample intake (0.05 &lt; p &lt; 0.10): Parkinson\u2019s disease (autosomal recessive and early-onset) 7 and synapsin-1; proteins upregulated upon sample intake (p &gt; 0.95): glutathione S-transferase Mu 1, tubulin alpha-1A chain, dynamin-2, calcium\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase\/tyrosine 5-monooxygenase activation protein epsilon polypeptide; proteins that tended to increase upon sample intake (0.95 &gt; p &gt; 0.90): glutathione S-transferase Mu7 and soluble carrier family 1 (glial high-affinity glutamate transporter); proteins that tended to decrease: sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3. These results indicate that matcha and decaffeinated matcha could reduce aging and cognitive impairment by regulating the expression of these proteins. Furthermore, these proteins could be used as markers for the evaluation of food and its available components for reducing aging and cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14061197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]],"date-time":"2022-03-13T21:44:17Z","timestamp":1647207857000},"page":"1197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Effects of Matcha and Decaffeinated Matcha on Learning, Memory and Proteomics of Hippocampus in Senescence-Accelerated (SAMP8) Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kiharu","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makiko","family":"Takagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yamagata Prefectural Fishery Research Institute, 594 Okuzure, Kamo, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-1204, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9259-3207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoichi","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Food Sciences, University of Human Arts and Sciences, 1288 Magome, Iwatsuki-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 339-8539, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2016.01.036","article-title":"Quercetin attenuates tau hyperphosphorylation and improves cognitive disorder via suppression of ER stress in a manner dependent on AMPK pathway","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matsuzaki, K., and Ohizumi, Y. (2021). Benefeicial effects of Citrus-derived polymethoxylated flavones for central nervous system disorders. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010145"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onishi, S., Meguro, S., Pervin, M., Kitazawa, H., Yoto, A., Ishino, M., Shimba, Y., Mochizuki, Y., Miura, S., and Tokimichi, I. (2019). Green tea extracts attenuate brain dysfunction in high-fat-diet-fed SAMP8 mice. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11040821"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4265","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25184265","article-title":"Effect of daily intake of green tea catechins on cognitive function in middle-aged and older subjects: A randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"25","author":"Baba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.07.014","article-title":"Long term green tea catechin administration prevents spatial learning and memory impairment in senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 mice by decreasing A\u03b21-42 oligomers and upregulating synaptic plasticity-related proteins in the hippocampus","volume":"163","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2020.108511","article-title":"The green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates age-associated muscle loss via regulation of miR-486-5P and myostatin","volume":"692","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giuseppe, C., Justyna, G., Anna, P., Giuseppe, L., Sabrina, C., Alessio, C., Oliviero, B., Raffaele, F., Filippo, C., and Giuseppe, G. (2022). Phenolic acids and prevention of cognitive decline: Polyphenols with a neuroprotective role in cognitive disorders and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14040819"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2020.12.024","article-title":"Matcha consumption maintains attentional function following a mild acute psychological stress without affecting a feeling of fatigue: A randomized placebo-controlled study in young adults","volume":"88","author":"Baba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(86)90112-5","article-title":"Age-related changes in learning and memory in the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM)","volume":"38","author":"Miyamoto","year":"1986","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(88)90671-3","article-title":"Age-related deterioration of ability of acquisition in memory and learning in senescence accelerated mouse: SAM-P\/8 as an animal model of disturbances in recent memory","volume":"474","author":"Yagi","year":"1988","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-200063","article-title":"SAMP8 mice as a model of age-related cognition decline with underlying mechanisms in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"75","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(99)09044-8","article-title":"Senescence-accelerated mice","volume":"309","author":"Higuchi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1080\/09168451.2019.1637713","article-title":"Influence of continued ingestion of matcha on emotional behaviors after social stress in mice","volume":"83","author":"Monobe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Takeda, T., Akiguchi, I., Higuchi, K., Hosokawa, M., Hosokawa, T., and Nomura, Y. (2013). The grading score system: A method for evaluating the degree of senescence in SAM strains of mice. The Senescence-Accelerated Mouse (SAM)-Achievement and Future Directions, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100961","article-title":"Metabolic drift in the aging brain","volume":"8","author":"Ivanisevic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(78)90342-1","article-title":"Determination of malonaldehyde precursor in tissue by thiobarbituric acid test","volume":"86","author":"Mihara","year":"1978","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.33.759","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of protective effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on reperfusion arrhythmias in rats in vivo","volume":"33","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Igarashi, K., and Kurata, D. (2020). Effect of high-oleic peanuts intake on aging and its hippocampus markers in senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP8). Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113461"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2147\/JPRLS.S263041","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease: What we know so far","volume":"10","author":"Painous","year":"2020","journal-title":"Res. Rev. Parkinsonism"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2005.05.007","article-title":"The senescence-accelerated prone mouse (SAMP8): A model of age-related cognitive decline with relevance to alteration of the gene expression and protein abnormalities in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"40","author":"Butterfield","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2610-10.2011","article-title":"Tau protein is required for amyloid \u03b2-induced impairment of hippocampal long-term potentiation","volume":"31","author":"Shipton","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.2116\/bunsekikagaku.61.547","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of aged rat hippocampus by HPLC with fluorescence detection using a fluorogenic derivatization reagent","volume":"61","author":"Asamoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bunseki Kagaku"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F\u00e0, M., Staniszewski, A., Saeed, F., Francis, Y., and Aancio, O. (2014). Dynamin 1 is required for memory formation. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091954"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim, L.W., and Aquili, L. (2021). GABA supplementation negatively affects cognitive flexibility independent of tyrosine. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10091807"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1177\/0963689717721232","article-title":"Hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide as possible modulating factor against glutamatergic neuronal disability by amyloid oligomers","volume":"26","author":"Sato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Transpl."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malik, A.R., and Willnow, T.E. (2019). Excitatory amino acid transporters in physiology and disorders nervous system. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20225671"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.03.086","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of caffeine on hippocampus of neurogenesis and functions","volume":"356","author":"Han","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onishi, S., Ishino, M., Kitazawa, H., Yoto, A., Shimba, Y., Mochizuki, Y., Unno, K., Meguro, S., Tokimitsu, I., and Miura, S. (2018). Green tea extracts ameliorate high-fat induced muscle atrophy in senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 mice. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195753"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3456","article-title":"Antidepressant-like effects of L-theanine in the forced swim and tail suspension tests in mice","volume":"25","author":"Yin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO01577E","article-title":"Theanine attenuates memory impairments induced by klotho gene depletion in mice","volume":"10","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Fukushima, Y., Taguchi, C., Kishimoto, Y., and Kondo, K. (2021). Japanese carotenoid database with \u03b1- and \u03b2-carotene, \u03b2-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, and fucoxanthin and intake in adult women. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Unno, K., Sumiyoshi, A., Konishi, T., Hayashi, M., Taguchi, K., Muguruma, Y., Inoue, K., Iguchi, K., Nonaka, H., and Kawashima, R. (2020). Theanine, the main amino acid in tea, prevents stress-induced brain atrophy by modifying early stress responses. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010174"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.67.118","article-title":"Matcha and Its components control angiogenic potential","volume":"67","author":"Iwai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/14\/6\/1197\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:35:24Z","timestamp":1760135724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/14\/6\/1197"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["nu14061197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14061197","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]}}}