{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:32:08Z","timestamp":1780446728232,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]],"date-time":"2022-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Development Foundation of Region Sk\u00e5ne","award":["REGSKANE-818781 and 2018- Projekt0024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REGSKANE-818781 and 2018- Projekt0024"]}]},{"name":"Dir Albert P\u00e5hlsson\u00b4s Foundation","award":["2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019"]}]},{"name":"Foundation of Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital","award":["2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms. Overweight and increased risk of metabolic syndromes\/diabetes are observed in IBS, conditions associated with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and visfatin. The aim of this study was to measure blood levels of AXIN1, cholecystokinin (CCK), enkephalin, ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), PAI-1, and visfatin before and after a 4-week intervention with a starch- and sucrose-reduced diet (SSRD). A total of 105 IBS patients were randomized to either SSRD (n = 80) or ordinary diet (n = 25). Questionnaires were completed, and blood was analyzed for AXIN1 and hormones. AXIN1 (p = 0.001) and active ghrelin levels (p = 0.025) were lower in IBS than in healthy volunteers at baseline, whereas CCK and enkephalin levels were higher (p &lt; 0.001). In the intervention group, total IBS-symptom severity score (IBS-SSS), specific gastrointestinal symptoms, psychological well-being, and the influence of intestinal symptoms on daily life were improved during the study, and weight decreased (p &lt; 0.001 for all), whereas only constipation (p = 0.045) and bloating (p = 0.001) were improved in the control group. PAI-1 levels tended to be decreased in the intervention group (p = 0.066), with a difference in the decrease between groups (p = 0.022). Visfatin levels were decreased in the intervention group (p = 0.007). There were few correlations between hormonal levels and symptoms. Thus, this diet not only improves IBS symptoms but also seems to have a general health-promoting effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14091688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T00:22:43Z","timestamp":1650414163000},"page":"1688","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Starch- and Sucrose-Reduced Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Leads to Lower Circulating Levels of PAI-1 and Visfatin: A Randomized Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Bodil","family":"Roth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, SE-20502 Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Myllyvainio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"D\u2019Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastrointestinal Genetics Lab, CIC bioGUNE\u2014BRTA, 48160 Derio, Spain"},{"name":"Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48080 Bilbao, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70010 Casamassima, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9142-5244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bodil","family":"Ohlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, SE-20502 Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.031","article-title":"Bowel disorders","volume":"150","author":"Lacy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-311240","article-title":"The global prevalence of IBS in adults remains elusive due to the heterogeneity of studies: A Rome Foundation working team literature review","volume":"66","author":"Sperber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.12.021","article-title":"Prevalence of Rome IV functional bowel disorders among adults in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom","volume":"158","author":"Palsson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15079","article-title":"Review article: Implementation of a diet low in FODMAPs for patients with irritable bowel syndrome-directions for future research","volume":"49","author":"Mitchell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aliment. 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