{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:21:47Z","timestamp":1760228507361,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Exercise training (ET) is a natural activator of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), a stress-sensor able to increase the endogenous antioxidant system. SIRT1 activators include polyphenols and vitamins, the antioxidant properties of which are well-known. Antioxidant supplements are used to improve athletic performance. However, they might blunt ET-related benefits. Middle-distance runners (MDR) taking (MDR-S) or not taking antioxidant supplements (MDR-NoS) were compared with each other and with sedentary subjects (CTR) to evaluate the ET effects on SIRT1 levels and oxidative stress, and to investigate whether an exogenous source of antioxidants could interfere with such effects. Thirty-two MDR and 14 CTR were enrolled. MDR-S took 240 mg vitamin C and 15 mg vitamin E together with mineral salts. SIRT1 mRNA and activity were measured in PBMCs. Total oxidative status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TEAC) were determined in plasma. MDR showed higher levels of SIRT1 mRNA (p = 0.0387) and activity (p = 0.0055) than did CTR. MDR-NoS also showed higher levels than did MDR-S without reaching statistical significance. SIRT1 activity was higher (p = 0.0012) in MDR-NoS (1909 \u00b1 626) than in MDR-S (1276 \u00b1 474). TOS did not differ among the groups, while MDR showed higher TEAC levels than did CTR (2866 \u00b1 581 vs. 2082 \u00b1 560, p = 0.0001) as did MDR-S (2784 \u00b1 643) and MDR-NoS (2919 \u00b1 551) (MDR-S vs. CTR, p = 0.0007 and MDR-NoS vs. CTR, p = 0.003). TEAC (\u03b2 = 0.4488356, 95% CI 0.2074645 0.6902067; p &lt; 0.0001) and the MDR-NoS group (\u03b2 = 744.6433, 95% CI 169.9954 1319.291; p= 0.012) predicted SIRT1 activity levels. Antioxidant supplementation seems to hinder the role of ET as a natural activator of SIRT1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14102092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T08:34:29Z","timestamp":1652776469000},"page":"2092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Antioxidant Supplementation Hinders the Role of Exercise Training as a Natural Activator of SIRT1"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5595-7841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmine","family":"Sellitto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry \u201cScuola Medica Salernitana\u201d, Medicina Traslazionale dello Sviluppo e dell\u2019Invecchiamento Attivo, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"},{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona University Hospital, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3441-889X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Graziamaria","family":"Corbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7986-8704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berenice","family":"Stefanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4521-0453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Manzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona University Hospital, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Trucillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5076-3220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Charlier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry \u201cScuola Medica Salernitana\u201d, Medicina Traslazionale dello Sviluppo e dell\u2019Invecchiamento Attivo, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Mensitieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry \u201cScuola Medica Salernitana\u201d, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6066-7569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviana","family":"Izzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry \u201cScuola Medica Salernitana\u201d, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6435-7680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Lucariello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Naples \u201cParthenope\u201d, 80100 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7853-9159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelica","family":"Perna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4342-962X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germano","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3905-6154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"De Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8235-9118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amelia","family":"Filippelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona University Hospital, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry \u201cScuola Medica Salernitana\u201d, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6964-2739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona University Hospital, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry \u201cScuola Medica Salernitana\u201d, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v5.i4.444","article-title":"Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: Have All Risk Factors the Same Strength?","volume":"5","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. 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