{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T13:04:06Z","timestamp":1777727046484,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Aqma Italia S.p.A (Milan, Italy)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Anemia is one of the most frequent and earliest complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which impacts a patient\u2019s quality of life and increases the risk of adverse clinical outcomes. Patients\u2019 inflammatory status is strictly related to the occurrence of functional iron deficiency anemia (IDA) because this causes an increase in hepcidin levels with the consequent inhibition of iron absorption and release from cellular stores into blood circulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the new oral formulation based on ferric sodium EDTA in combination with vitamin C, folic acid, copper gluconate, zinc gluconate, and selenomethionine (Ferachel Forte\u00ae) in patients with moderate CKD and functional IDA, analyzing the inflammatory status in addition to iron blood parameters, in comparison with oral ferrous sulfate and liposomal iron therapies. Sixty-two elderly patients were randomly allocated to one of the following oral treatments for 6 months: ferrous sulfate (Group 1; N = 20), ferric sodium EDTA in combination (Group 2; N = 22), and ferric liposomal formulation (Group 3; N = 20). The evaluated parameters included iron profile parameters of hemoglobin (Hb), sideremia, ferritin, transferrin saturation, C-reactive protein (CRP), and hepcidin. The results showed that in Group 1, there were no improvements. In Group 2, there were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.001) improvements in all evaluated parameters. Finally, in Group 3, there were significant improvements in all evaluated parameters except for hepcidin, which was less than that of Group 2 patients. In conclusion, the findings showed the superior efficacy of the formulation based on ferric sodium EDTA over the other oral iron sources, and that this formulation can contribute to reducing the systemic inflammatory status in patients with CKD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14102116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T00:18:11Z","timestamp":1653005891000},"page":"2116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Comparison of Ferric Sodium EDTA in Combination with Vitamin C, Folic Acid, Copper Gluconate, Zinc Gluconate, and Selenomethionine as Therapeutic Option for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Improvement in Inflammatory Status"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Antonella","family":"Giliberti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, \u201cSanta Maria delle Grazie\u201d Hospital Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0091-8247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annalisa","family":"Curcio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Aqma Italia S.p.A., 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Marchitto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio\u201d Hospital, 04022 Fondi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Di Lullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, \u201cL. Parodi-Delfino\u201d Hospital, 00034 Colleferro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fulvia","family":"Paolozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Pellegrini Hospital, 80134 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiana","family":"Nano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Aqma Italia S.p.A., 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Pironti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Aqma Italia S.p.A., 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Raimondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Internal Medicine, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01524-6","article-title":"Burden of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: Beyond Erythropoietin","volume":"38","author":"Ramy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. 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