{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T17:21:34Z","timestamp":1776964894941,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science, ICT &amp; Future Planning","award":["E0164503-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E0164503-04"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, ICT &amp; Future Planning","award":["E0210201-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E0210201-02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sleep is one of the most essential factors required to maintain good health. However, the global prevalence of insomnia is increasing, and caffeine intake is a major trigger. The objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of black pepper, Piper nigrum extract (PE), on caffeine-induced sleep disruption and excitation in mice. Caffeine significantly decreased sleep duration in the pentobarbital-induced sleep test. It also resulted in a significant increase in sleep onset and a decrease in non-rapid eye movement sleep. Moreover, in an open-field test, caffeine-treated mice exhibited a significantly increased time in the center zone and total distance traveled. However, the co-administration of caffeine and PE did not result in similar arousal activities. Thus, our results suggest that PE can be used as a potential therapeutic agent to treat sleep problems and excitatory status associated with caffeine intake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14112249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]],"date-time":"2022-05-29T23:43:03Z","timestamp":1653867783000},"page":"2249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Effect of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum) Extract on Caffeine-Induced Sleep Disruption and Excitation in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Minseok","family":"Yoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonghoon","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0205-016X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minjung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1039-1434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5951-5832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suengmok","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8448-8837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minyoung","family":"Um","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea"},{"name":"Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2019.04.011","article-title":"Children\u2019s sleep and health: A meta-review","volume":"46","author":"Matricciani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Med. 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