{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:55:41Z","timestamp":1787496941695,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["81871068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81871068"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["81671352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81671352"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82001428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82001428"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2018Y9057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018Y9057"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2021J02044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021J02044"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation of Fujian","award":["81871068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81871068"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation of Fujian","award":["81671352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81671352"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation of Fujian","award":["82001428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82001428"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation of Fujian","award":["2018Y9057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018Y9057"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation of Fujian","award":["2021J02044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021J02044"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although early life stress (ELS) can increase susceptibility to adulthood psychiatric disorders and produce a greater inflammatory response in a stressful event, targeted preventive and therapeutic drugs still remain scarce. Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids (GLTs) can exert anti-inflammatory effects in the periphery and central nervous systems. This study employed a combined model of \u201cchildhood maternal separation + adulthood sub-stress\u201d to explore whether GLTs may alleviate anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in male and female mice by mitigating inflammation. Male and female pups were separated from their mothers for four hours per day from postnatal day 1 (PND 1) to PND 21; starting from PND 56, GLTs were administered intraperitoneally once daily for three weeks and followed by three days of sub-stress. Results showed that maternal separation increased the anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in both male and female mice, which disappeared after the preemptive GLTs treatment (40 mg\/kg) before adulthood sub-stress. Maternal separation up-regulated the pro-inflammatory markers in the periphery and brain, and activated microglia in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. All the abnormalities were reversed by GLTs administration, with no adverse effects on immune organ indices, liver, and renal function. Our findings suggest that GLTs can be a promising candidate in treating ELS-induced psychiatric disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14112268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]],"date-time":"2022-05-29T23:43:03Z","timestamp":1653867783000},"page":"2268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Ganoderma Lucidum Triterpenoids Improve Maternal Separation-Induced Anxiety- and Depression-like Behaviors in Mice by Mitigating Inflammation in the Periphery and Brain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7855-3030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue","family":"Mi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5641-7364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gui-Rong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6907-8872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie-Qing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5510-7724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhou-Song","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6584-9254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Man","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1104-9101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Ting","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4037-9855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2665-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao-Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.080499","article-title":"Childhood adversities and adult psychopathology in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys","volume":"197","author":"Kessler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. 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