{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T15:07:27Z","timestamp":1785942447378,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China Medical Reform Major Program: 2015 Chinese Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To analyze the relationship between famine exposure at different stages of early life and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adulthood, 11,865 study participants from the 2015 Chinese Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance Program were enrolled and then divided into a non-exposed group, fetal exposure group, early childhood exposure group, middle childhood exposure group and late childhood exposure group according to their birth time and famine exposure. MetS was defined by the NCEP ATP III criteria. Using logistic regression to explore the association between famine exposure at different stages of early life and the increased risk of developing MetS in adulthood. After adjusting other factors, compared with the non-exposure group, famine exposure during the fetal period (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.00\u20131.51), early childhood (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.11\u20131.87), middle childhood (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.13\u20131.99) and late childhood (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.21\u20132.30) had a higher risk of developing MetS in adulthood. Stratified analysis found an association between early life famine exposure and the increased risk of MetS in adulthood in females, overweight or obese participants and those who lived in areas of severe famine, in city areas and in southern China. Compared with the non-exposed group, the fetal, early childhood, middle childhood and late childhood famine-exposed groups are more likely to suffer from MetS in adulthood, especially the subjects who are females, overweight or obese and had lived in severe famine areas, city areas and southern China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14142881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T00:12:40Z","timestamp":1657757560000},"page":"2881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Association between Early Life Famine Exposure and Metabolic Syndrome in Adulthood"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5491-4789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuxiang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Piao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyun","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lahong","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiya","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongmei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-018-0812-z","article-title":"The Global Epidemic of the Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Saklayen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. 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