{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:00:48Z","timestamp":1787029248311,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81501523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81501523"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81871412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81871412"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KYCX21_0159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYCX21_0159"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KYCX22_0297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYCX22_0297"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research&amp;Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["81501523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81501523"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research&amp;Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["81871412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81871412"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research&amp;Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["KYCX21_0159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYCX21_0159"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research&amp;Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["KYCX22_0297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYCX22_0297"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Up to 80% of pancreatic cancer patients suffer from cachexia. White adipose tissue (WAT) browning caused by the tumorigenicity and progression aggravates the cancer-associated cachexia (CAC). Cancer-initiated changes in the protein-38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) pathway are likely involved in the development of CAC. Methods: p38 MAPK inhibitors, VCP979 or SB203580, were used in the in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic cancer cachexia. Expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in the p38 MARK pathway and the properties and level of white adipocytes were analyzed and correlated to browning, followed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting validations. Changes in the volume and fat fraction of WAT in animals were monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: The size of white adipocytes was increased after being treated with the p38 MAPK inhibitors, along with increase in the MRI-measured volume and fat fraction of WAT. Comparing two p38 MAPK inhibitors, the p38\u03b1 subunit-specific inhibitor VCP979 had a better therapeutic effect than SB203580, which targets both p38\u03b1 and \u03b2 subunits. Conclusions: Blockade of p38 MAPK reduced the WAT browning that contributes to CAC. Thus, p38 MARK inhibitors can potentially be used as a therapy for treating CAC. Non-invasive MRI can also be applied to assess the progression and treatment responses of CAC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14153013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T01:42:13Z","timestamp":1658713333000},"page":"3013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Reducing White Adipose Tissue Browning Using p38\u03b1 MAPK Inhibitors Ameliorates Cancer-Associated Cachexia as Assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yufei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyue","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honghong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinxiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binghui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenghong","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin-Gui","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Nanjing Lishui People\u2019s Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing 211200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17105","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.105","article-title":"Cancer-associated cachexia","volume":"4","author":"Baracos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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