{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T08:53:06Z","timestamp":1781081586149,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,7]],"date-time":"2022-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Canada Israel International Fetal Alcohol Consortium, and Research Manitoba","award":["316809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["316809"]}]},{"name":"Canada Israel International Fetal Alcohol Consortium, and Research Manitoba","award":["2014-0035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014-0035"]}]},{"name":"Manitoba Liquor and Lotteries Corporation","award":["316809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["316809"]}]},{"name":"Manitoba Liquor and Lotteries Corporation","award":["2014-0035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014-0035"]}]},{"name":"University of Manitoba Graduate","award":["316809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["316809"]}]},{"name":"University of Manitoba Graduate","award":["2014-0035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014-0035"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The information on the nutrition status of women at-risk of carrying a child with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is scarce, particularly in the First Nations population living on reserve. This study examined and compared nutrition status, dietary intake, and lifestyle patterns of pregnant at-risk, defined as those who consume alcoholic drink during the current pregnancy, and non-at-risk women living in northern Manitoban community. Thirty-seven pregnant, First Nations women (at-risk n = 15; non-at-risk, n = 22) were recruited to participate in the study. A questionnaire, presented in paper and iPad formats, collected information on participants\u2019 demographics, dietary intake, lifestyle, pregnancy outcomes, and maternal health. A food frequency questionnaire and 24-h recall were used to determine nutrient intake. Nutrient values were assessed using Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). At-risk and non-at-risk women were below the Canada Food Guide serving size recommended for Vegetable and Fruit, Grain, and Milk Products with 93%, 92%, and 93% of participants not meeting the recommendations, respectively. Women met the recommendations for vitamins A, B1, B12, C, niacin, choline, as well as calcium, and zinc. Sixty eight percentage (%) of participants did not meet the recommendations for folate and iron, and 97% for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Significant differences were observed between non-at-risk and at-risk women for mean % DRI intakes of vitamin C (313 \u00b1 224 vs. 172 \u00b1 81 mg\/day), niacin (281 \u00b1 123 vs. 198 \u00b1 80 mg\/day), folate (70 \u00b1 38 vs. 10 \u00b1 22 mcg\/day), and iron (101 \u00b1 74 vs. 74 \u00b1 30 mg\/day). The findings of this study lay a fundamental premise for the development of community nutrition programs, nutrition education, and nutrition intervention, such as community specific prenatal supplementation. These will assist in ensuring adequate maternal nutrient intake and benefit families and communities in Northern Manitoba with and without alcohol insult.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14153233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]],"date-time":"2022-08-08T22:33:11Z","timestamp":1659997991000},"page":"3233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dietary Intake Patterns and Lifestyle Behaviors of Pregnant Women Living in a Manitoba First Nations Community: Implications for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Olena","family":"Kloss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada"},{"name":"Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Jebb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beatrice Wilson Health Centre, Opaskwayak Cree Nation, Opaskwayak, MB R0B 2J0, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Chartrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beatrice Wilson Health Centre, Opaskwayak Cree Nation, Opaskwayak, MB R0B 2J0, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert E.","family":"Chudley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1S1, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 0A2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael N. A.","family":"Eskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miyoung","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada"},{"name":"Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (2022, February 01). Dietary reference intakes (DRIs). 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