{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:22:05Z","timestamp":1791908525508,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,7]],"date-time":"2022-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CB21\/13\/00009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB21\/13\/00009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CERCA Programme\/Generalitat de Catalunya for institutional","award":["CB21\/13\/00009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB21\/13\/00009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Malnutrition comprises two groups of conditions: undernutrition and overweight or obesity. It has been associated with a high risk of contracting infectious diseases and with elevated mortality rates. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide and its prognosis is affected by a large number of recognizable risk factors. This narrative review updates the information on the impact of malnutrition, including both undernutrition and obesity, on the risk and prognosis of adults with CAP. Studies of CAP that have evaluated undernutrition have applied a variety of definitions when assessing the nutritional status of patients. Undernutrition has been associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes, such as prolonged hospital stay, need for intensive care unit admission, and mortality; in contrast, most published studies have found that increased body mass index is significantly associated with higher survival in patients with CAP. However, some authors have presented divergent results, mainly in relation to the etiology of CAP (bacterial versus viral). Influenza infection, caused by influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, has been associated with worse prognosis in obese patients. The current data underscore the need for larger studies to examine the physiological mechanisms that explain the differential impact of malnutrition on outcomes. Achieving a better understanding may help to guide the design of new interventions to improve prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14153235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]],"date-time":"2022-08-08T22:33:11Z","timestamp":1659997991000},"page":"3235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Effect of Undernutrition and Obesity on Clinical Outcomes in Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Diego","family":"Viasus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Health Sciences, Universidad del Norte and Hospital Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"P\u00e9rez-Vergara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Health Sciences, Universidad del Norte and Hospital Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3209-2563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Carratal\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022, June 01). 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