{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:29:55Z","timestamp":1787495395561,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016YFC1305700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFC1305700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SJCX21_0083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJCX21_0083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BE2022828"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2022828"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research&amp;Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["2016YFC1305700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFC1305700"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research&amp;Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["SJCX21_0083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJCX21_0083"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research&amp;Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["BE2022828"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2022828"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program in Jiangsu Province","award":["2016YFC1305700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFC1305700"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program in Jiangsu Province","award":["SJCX21_0083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJCX21_0083"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program in Jiangsu Province","award":["BE2022828"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2022828"]}]},{"name":"Mid-Career Fellowship from The Hospital Research Foundation","award":["2016YFC1305700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFC1305700"]}]},{"name":"Mid-Career Fellowship from The Hospital Research Foundation","award":["SJCX21_0083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJCX21_0083"]}]},{"name":"Mid-Career Fellowship from The Hospital Research Foundation","award":["BE2022828"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2022828"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Gastrointestinal symptoms have been reported to occur frequently in diabetes, but their prevalence in Chinese community-dwelling individuals with diabetes is unknown. The present study aimed to address this issue and explore the risk factors for gastrointestinal symptoms. Methods: A total of 1304 community-dwelling participants (214 with diabetes, 360 with prediabetes and 730 with normoglycemia) were surveyed for gastrointestinal symptoms using the Diabetes Bowel Symptom Questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were applied to identify risk factors for gastrointestinal symptoms. Results: Of the overall study population, 18.6% reported at least one gastrointestinal symptom, without a significant difference between subjects with normoglycemia (17.7%), prediabetes (19.7%) and diabetes (20.1%). In all three groups, lower gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly diarrhea and constipation, were the most frequent. There was an interaction between age (\u226565 years) and diabetes on the prevalence of at least one gastrointestinal symptom (p = 0.01) and of constipation (p = 0.004), with these being most frequent in subjects with diabetes aged \u2265 65 years. After multivariable adjustment, female gender and older age were associated with increased odds of at least one gastrointestinal symptom, specifically lower gastrointestinal symptoms. Older age was also associated with an increase in upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusions: Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in Chinese community-dwelling adults with and without diabetes. Females, and the elderly with diabetes, are at an increased risk of symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14173506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T02:04:32Z","timestamp":1661479472000},"page":"3506","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Chinese Community-Dwelling Adults with and without Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2477-1662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Sang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1656-9210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongzhi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Horowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1155-5816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen L.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanhu","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haijian","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Services, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donglei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher K.","family":"Rayner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zilin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.04.014","article-title":"Worldwide Prevalence and Burden of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Results of Rome Foundation Global Study","volume":"160","author":"Sperber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.03.035","article-title":"Rome IV-Functional GI Disorders: 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