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However, it is unclear whether hawk tea flavonoids (HTF) can alleviate alcoholic liver damage (ALD). Firstly, we extracted and identified the presence of 191 molecules categorized as HTFs, with reynoutrin, avicularin, guaijaverin, cynaroside, and kaempferol-7-O-glucoside being the most prevalent. After taking bioavailability into consideration and conducting comprehensive sorting, the contribution of guaijaverin was the highest (0.016 mg\/mice). Then, by daily intragastric administration of HTF (100 mg\/kg\/day) to the ALD mice, we found that HTF alleviated liver lipid deposition (inhibition of TG, TC, LDL-C) by reducing liver oxidative-stress-mediated inflammation (up-regulation NRF2\/HO-1 and down-regulation TLR4\/MyD88\/NF-\u03baB pathway) and reshaping the gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacillus increased). Overall, we found HTF could be a potential protective natural compound for treating ALD via the gut\u2013liver axis and guaijaverin might be the key substance involved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14173662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T01:51:57Z","timestamp":1662515517000},"page":"3662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Hawk Tea Flavonoids as Natural Hepatoprotective Agents Alleviate Acute Liver Damage by Reshaping the Intestinal Microbiota and Modulating the Nrf2 and NF-\u03baB Signaling Pathways"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4776-1977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shanshan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3677-9290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.11.007","article-title":"Medications for alcohol use disorders: An overview","volume":"185","author":"Akbar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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