{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:36:32Z","timestamp":1790094992461,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano"},{"name":"ICANS"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity is a risk factor for NAFLD. However, not all people with obesity have an excessive intrahepatic fat content. Adherence to a high-quality dietary pattern may also promote liver health in obesity. A cross-sectional study of 2967 women with overweight and obesity was carried out to assess the association between a Mediterranean diet and fatty liver. All women underwent clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, blood sampling, ultrasound measurements of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat, and assessment of adherence to the Mediterranean diet using the 14-item MEDAS questionnaire. Fatty liver index (FLI), NAFLD fatty liver steatosis (NAFLD-FLS) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) were calculated. In women with obesity, the MEDAS score was inversely associated with FLI (\u03b2 = \u22120.60, 95% CI: \u22121.04, \u22120.16, p = 0.008), NAFLD-FLS (\u03b2 = \u22120.092, 95% CI: \u22120.134, \u22120.049, p &lt; 0.001) and HSI (\u03b2 = \u22120.17, 95% CI: \u22120.30, \u22120.04, p = 0.011). Stronger associations were observed in premenopausal women with obesity. Mediterranean diet was inversely associated with NAFLD-FLS in women with overweight, independently of menopausal status. In conclusion, Mediterranean diet is associated with a better liver status in women with overweight and obesity. This may have a public health impact and be useful in drafting nutritional guidelines for NAFLD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14183771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T22:37:28Z","timestamp":1663108648000},"page":"3771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Association between Mediterranean Diet and Fatty Liver in Women with Overweight and Obesity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8063-8490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Leone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5867-8074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Bertoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20145 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1495-9306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Bedogni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit Addressed to Frailty and Aging, Department of Primary Health Care, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 48121 Ravenna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laila","family":"Vignati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9338-9147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Pellizzari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Battezzati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-020117-043617","article-title":"Recent Insights into the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"13","author":"Arab","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. 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