{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T04:52:18Z","timestamp":1785905538749,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]],"date-time":"2022-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015335","name":"Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CARS-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015335","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015335","name":"Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CAAS-IFSTNH-CZ-2022-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAAS-IFSTNH-CZ-2022-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015335","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Institute of Food Science, Technology, Nutrition and Health (Cangzhou)","award":["CARS-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-03"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Food Science, Technology, Nutrition and Health (Cangzhou)","award":["CAAS-IFSTNH-CZ-2022-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAAS-IFSTNH-CZ-2022-01"]}]},{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program, CAAS","award":["CARS-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-03"]}]},{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program, CAAS","award":["CAAS-IFSTNH-CZ-2022-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAAS-IFSTNH-CZ-2022-01"]}]},{"name":"Lincoln University","award":["CARS-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-03"]}]},{"name":"Lincoln University","award":["CAAS-IFSTNH-CZ-2022-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAAS-IFSTNH-CZ-2022-01"]}]},{"name":"China Scholarship Council (CSC)","award":["CARS-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-03"]}]},{"name":"China Scholarship Council (CSC)","award":["CAAS-IFSTNH-CZ-2022-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAAS-IFSTNH-CZ-2022-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dietary phenolic compounds must be released from the food matrix in the gastrointestinal tract to play a bioactive role, the release of which is interfered with by food structure. The release of phenolics (unbound and bound) of cold and hot extruded noodles enriched with phenolics (2.0%) during simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was investigated. Bound phenolic content and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were utilized to characterize the intensity and manner of starch-phenolic complexation during the preparation of extruded noodles. Hot extrusion induced the formation of more complexes, especially the V-type inclusion complexes, with a higher proportion of bound phenolics than cold extrusion, contributing to a more controlled release of phenolics along with slower starch digestion. For instance, during simulated small intestinal digestion, less unbound phenolics (59.4%) were released from hot extruded phenolic-enhanced noodles than from the corresponding cold extruded noodles (68.2%). This is similar to the release behavior of bound phenolics, that cold extruded noodles released more bound phenolics (56.5%) than hot extruded noodles (41.9%). For noodles extruded with rutin, the release of unbound rutin from hot extruded noodles and cold extruded noodles was 63.6% and 79.0%, respectively, in the small intestine phase, and bound rutin was released at a much lower amount from the hot extruded noodles (55.8%) than from the cold extruded noodles (89.7%). Hot extrusion may allow more potential bioaccessible phenolics (such as rutin), further improving the development of starchy foods enriched with controlled phenolics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14183864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T04:49:22Z","timestamp":1663562962000},"page":"3864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Phenolic Release during In Vitro Digestion of Cold and Hot Extruded Noodles Supplemented with Starch and Phenolic Extracts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9436-7556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruibin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China"},{"name":"Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand"},{"name":"Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret Anne","family":"Brennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Don","family":"Kulasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boli","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2479-8478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles Stephen","family":"Brennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arfaoui, L. 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