{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T20:30:21Z","timestamp":1791664221396,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["12126602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12126602"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["41450006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41450006"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["91643208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91643208"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["2017-I2M-2\u2013001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-I2M-2\u2013001"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["201509062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201509062"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12126602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12126602"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41450006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41450006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["91643208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91643208"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-I2M-2\u2013001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-I2M-2\u2013001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201509062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201509062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Environmental Protection Non-profit Project","award":["12126602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12126602"]}]},{"name":"National Environmental Protection Non-profit Project","award":["41450006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41450006"]}]},{"name":"National Environmental Protection Non-profit Project","award":["91643208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91643208"]}]},{"name":"National Environmental Protection Non-profit Project","award":["2017-I2M-2\u2013001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-I2M-2\u2013001"]}]},{"name":"National Environmental Protection Non-profit Project","award":["201509062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201509062"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aims: We aimed to assess the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study based on the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001\u20132016 on adults aged \u226520 years. NAFLD was determined as a US Fatty Liver Index score \u2265 30 in the absence of other liver conditions. Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to explore the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and mortality. Results: 898 all-cause deaths and 305 cardiovascular deaths were recorded over a median follow-up of 8.7 years. Compared with those in the severe deficiency group (below 25.0 nmol\/L), the fully adjusted HRs and 95% CIs of NAFLD patients with sufficient serum 25(OH)D concentrations (\u226575.0 nmol\/L) were 0.36 (0.22, 0.60) for all-cause mortality and 0.14 (0.07, 0.29) for cardiovascular mortality. Each one-unit increase in the natural log-transformed serum 25(OH)D concentration was related to a 41% lower risk for all-cause deaths (HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.77) and a 65% lower risk for cardiovascular deaths (HR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.58). Conclusions: Among NAFLD patients, increased serum 25(OH)D levels were independently associated with reduced risk for all-cause and cardiovascular deaths.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14194013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T03:30:37Z","timestamp":1664335837000},"page":"4013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Higher Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Is Associated with Lower All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality among US Adults with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yuxiong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siqin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen\u2019ge","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yakun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanbo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yijie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siqi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yitao","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2732-0659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongjie","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431","article-title":"Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes","volume":"64","author":"Younossi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Golabi, P., Paik, J.M., Herring, M., Younossi, E., Kabbara, K., and Younossi, Z.M. 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