{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:53:11Z","timestamp":1761709991842,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Taiyo Kagaku Co. Ltd.","award":["26500013","17K01863"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26500013","17K01863"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26500013","17K01863"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26500013","17K01863"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the rate of water absorption of an oral rehydration solution containing partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) in the small intestine, which is the main site of water absorption when water is drunk. Seven-week-old male SD rats were employed. We prepared four types of an aqueous solution, i.e., containing mineral and sugar, containing PHGG, containing mineral and sugar and PHGG, or containing no additives. After 24 h of food and 4 h of water deprivation, the aqueous solutions were infused into the stomach of conscious rats on their hands using a syringe with a stomach sonde. We sampled the stomach and the small intestine with contents 8 min after the infusions. Causal effects were calculated using a Bayesian network. PHGG increased the residual amount of water in the gastro-intestine, which depends negatively on the absorption of water in the small intestine\/the flow rate to the small intestine. The absorption of water in the small intestine depended positively on the flow rate to the small intestine, which depended negatively on the free water in the solutions. PHGG decreased water absorption in the small intestine by decreasing the free water in the aqueous solutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14204231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T02:10:27Z","timestamp":1665540627000},"page":"4231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Lower Rate of Water Absorption of an Oral Rehydration Solution with Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum in Conscious Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Toru","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kanazawa Gakuin University, Kanazawa City 920-1392, Ishikawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miki","family":"Tokunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kanazawa Gakuin University, Kanazawa City 920-1392, Ishikawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Okubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Division, Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd., Yokkaichi 510-0844, Mie, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Ozeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Division, Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd., Yokkaichi 510-0844, Mie, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahendra P.","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Division, Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd., Yokkaichi 510-0844, Mie, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zenta","family":"Yasukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kanazawa Gakuin University, Kanazawa City 920-1392, Ishikawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1033","article-title":"Dehydration in the elderly: A short review","volume":"79","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. 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