{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:32:27Z","timestamp":1790191947639,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,15]],"date-time":"2022-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003042","name":"Else Kr\u00f6ner-Fresenius-Stiftung (EKFS)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019_A22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019_A22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003042","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The polyamine spermidine is discussed as a caloric restriction mimetic and therapeutic option for obesity and related comorbidities. This study tested oral spermidine supplementation with regard to the systemic, hepatic and pulmonary lipid metabolism under different diet conditions. Male C57BL\/6 mice were fed a purified control (CD), high sucrose (HSD) or high fat (HFD) diet with (-S) or without spermidine for 30 weeks. In CD-fed mice, spermidine decreased body and adipose tissue weights and reduced hepatic lipid content. The HSD induced hepatic lipid synthesis and accumulation and hypercholesterolemia. This was not affected by spermidine supplementation, but body weight and blood glucose were lower in HSD-S compared to HSD. HFD-fed mice showed higher body and fat depot weights, prediabetes, hypercholesterolemia and severe liver steatosis, which were not altered by spermidine. Within the liver, spermidine diminished hepatic expression of lipogenic transcription factors SREBF1 and 2 under HSD and HFD and affected the expression of other lipid-related enzymes. In contrast, diet and spermidine exerted only minor effects on pulmonary parameters. Thus, oral spermidine supplementation affects lipid metabolism in a diet-dependent manner, with significant reductions in body fat and weight under physiological nutrition and positive effects on weight and blood glucose under high sucrose intake, but no impact on dietary fat-related parameters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14204318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T03:43:58Z","timestamp":1665978238000},"page":"4318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Oral Supplementation with the Polyamine Spermidine Affects Hepatic but Not Pulmonary Lipid Metabolism in Lean but Not Obese Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sophia","family":"Pankoke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Pfarrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Glage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institution for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7827-4867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"M\u00fchlfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0022-6109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Schipke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022, September 12). 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