{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T12:06:23Z","timestamp":1793966783090,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,16]],"date-time":"2022-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin E, along with other vitamins and micronutrients play a range of physiologic roles in the homeostasis of the body. Moreover, they also have postulated therapeutic roles that are often incompletely studied and understood. In this scoping review, we explored the recent randomized control trials (RCTs) of Vitamin E in the context of cancer, to investigate whether Vitamin E has a therapeutic role. We searched major bibliographic electronic databases to identify sixteen RCTs studying the role of Vitamin E in cancer management that have been published in the last ten years. These studies had different methodological qualities, including some that used Vitamin E in combination with other treatments. Furthermore, due to the heterogenous results, it is difficult to make a consensus statement on the effectiveness of Vitamin E in cancer therapeutics. In some cases, there were even suggestion of detriment with Vitamin E supplementation. Therefore, well designed, large, prospective RCTs are needed studying pure isoforms of Vitamin E to establish the safety and efficacy of this dietary supplement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14204329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T03:43:58Z","timestamp":1665978238000},"page":"4329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Vitamin E in Cancer Treatment: A Review of Clinical Applications in Randomized Control Trials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1385-2937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Donnelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St.Vincent\u2019s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia"},{"name":"Nutrition Department, St.Vincent\u2019s Private Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3954-1528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Appathurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3000, Australia"},{"name":"National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Ling","family":"Yeoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Frankston Hospital, Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Driscoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7317-4958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wasek","family":"Faisal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ballarat Regional Integrated Cancer Centre (BRICC), Grampians Health, Ballarat Central, VIC 3350, Australia"},{"name":"School of Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bowman, B., and Russell, R. (2006). Present Knowledge in Nutrition, ILSI Press, International Life Sciences Institute. [9th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E410","DOI":"10.1001\/amajethics.2022.410","article-title":"Which Features of Dietary Supplement Industry, Product Trends, and Regulation Deserve Physicians\u2019 Attention?","volume":"24","author":"Cadwallader","year":"2022","journal-title":"AMA J. Ethics"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.23160","article-title":"Vitamin E and cancer prevention: Studies with different forms of tocopherols and tocotrienols","volume":"59","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Carcinog."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-12-0045","article-title":"Does vitamin E prevent or promote cancer?","volume":"5","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Prev. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgp205","article-title":"Cancer-preventive activities of tocopherols and tocotrienols","volume":"31","author":"Ju","year":"2010","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1978","article-title":"Natural forms of vitamin E and metabolites-regulation of cancer cell death and underlying mechanisms","volume":"71","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0083-6729(07)76012-0","article-title":"Vitamin E and apoptosis","volume":"76","author":"Sylvester","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vitam Horm"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12263-011-0234-x","article-title":"Vitamin E tocotrienols: Life beyond tocopherols","volume":"7","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genes Nutr."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.03.107","article-title":"Tocotrienols induce apoptosis and autophagy in rat pancreatic stellate cells through the mitochondrial death pathway","volume":"132","author":"Rickmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2012.08.007","article-title":"Rottlerin induces autophagy which leads to apoptotic cell death through inhibition of PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR pathway in human pancreatic cancer stem cells","volume":"84","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370213511022","article-title":"\u03b3-Tocotrienol-induced autophagy in malignant mammary cancer cells","volume":"239","author":"Tiwari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-009-0406-y","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates gamma-tocotrienol-induced apoptosis in mammary tumor cells","volume":"14","author":"Wali","year":"2009","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1331.013","article-title":"Tocotrienol: The natural vitamin E to defend the nervous system?","volume":"1031","author":"Sen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-5730-8_73","article-title":"Antioxidant therapy in neurological disorders","volume":"264","author":"Muller","year":"1990","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"197","article-title":"Neurologic findings in vitamin E deficiency","volume":"55","author":"Tanyel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Physician"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3101(24)00241-X","article-title":"Vitamin E and neurologic deficits","volume":"37","author":"Sokol","year":"1990","journal-title":"Adv. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200403000-00028","article-title":"Vitamin E reduces cisplatin ototoxicity","volume":"114","author":"Kalkanis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.65.3.501","article-title":"Vitamin E for prophylaxis against chemotherapy-induced neuropathy: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"65","author":"Pace","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.4103\/2008-7802.169021","article-title":"Effect of Vitamin E on oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy prevention: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"Salehi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000148609.35718.7D","article-title":"Vitamin E for prophylaxis against chemotherapy-induced neuropathy: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"64","author":"Argyriou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5614","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.27593","article-title":"Long-term neurotoxicity effects of oxaliplatin added to fluorouracil and leucovorin as adjuvant therapy for colon cancer: Results from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project trials C-07 and LTS-01","volume":"118","author":"Kidwell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-31802013000100006","article-title":"Vitamin E for prevention of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy: A pilot randomized clinical trial","volume":"131","author":"Afonseca","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sao Paulo Med. J."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2018.333","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of omega 3 and vitamin E on palcitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy","volume":"6","author":"Anoushirvani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-021-04347-6","article-title":"The use of vitamin E in preventing taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy","volume":"88","author":"Heiba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.4103\/2278-0513.132113","article-title":"Comparative study among glutamine, acetyl-L-carnitine, vitamin-E and methylcobalamine for treatment of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy","volume":"3","author":"Mondal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Investig. J."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"e65027","article-title":"The vitamin E preventive effect on Taxol-induced neuropathy among patients with breast cancer: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"12","author":"Shamsaei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Jundishapur J. Nat. Pharm. Prod."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614877","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.614877","article-title":"Mouthwash Containing Vitamin E, Triamcinolon, and Hyaluronic Acid Compared to Triamcinolone Mouthwash Alone in Patients With Radiotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"11","author":"Pourpasha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-019-1334-5","article-title":"Pentoxifylline and vitamin E reduce the severity of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis and dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients: A randomized, controlled study","volume":"37","author":"Sayed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816642418","article-title":"Randomized Trial of Vitamin C\/E Complex for Prevention of Radiation-Induced Xerostomia in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"155","author":"Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.06.042","article-title":"Randomized trial of pentoxifylline and vitamin E vs standard follow-up after breast irradiation to prevent breast fibrosis, evaluated by tissue compliance meter","volume":"85","author":"Jacobson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2010.01237.x","article-title":"Effect of vitamins C and E on antioxidant status of breast-cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy","volume":"37","author":"Suhail","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharm. Ther."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2740","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2020.1857412","article-title":"Plasma, Prostate and Urine Levels of Tocopherols and Metabolites in Men after Supplementation with a \u03b3-Tocopherol-Rich Vitamin E Mixture","volume":"73","author":"Goodin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-019-04684-6","article-title":"The effect of vitamin D and E vaginal suppositories on tamoxifen-induced vaginal atrophy in women with breast cancer","volume":"27","author":"Keshavarzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2118","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24396","article-title":"Vitamin E neuroprotection against cisplatin ototoxicity: Preliminary results from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"38","author":"Villani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"174","article-title":"Does vitamin E mitigate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in cancer patients: Results from a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"11","author":"Ashrafi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Middle East J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2022.01.024","article-title":"Randomised single centre double-blind placebo controlled phase II trial of Tocovid SupraBio in combination with pentoxifylline in patients suffering long-term gastrointestinal adverse effects of radiotherapy for pelvic cancer: The PPALM study","volume":"168","author":"Andreyev","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiother. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2013.07.018","article-title":"Vitamin E: A dark horse at the crossroad of cancer management","volume":"86","author":"Cardenas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2018.02.017","article-title":"Tocotrienols: The promising analogues of vitamin E for cancer therapeutics","volume":"130","author":"Sailo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-159-12-201312170-00729","article-title":"Vitamin and mineral supplements in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: An updated systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force","volume":"159","author":"Fortmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"409","article-title":"The role of vitamin E in the prevention of cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"27","author":"Alkhenizan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Saudi. Med."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2016.199","article-title":"Effect of Subcutaneous Sterile Vitamin E Ointment on Incisional Surgical Site Infection after Elective Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery","volume":"18","author":"Alias","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg. Infect."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-2977(00)00080-2","article-title":"Effects of alpha-tocopherol on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in guinea pigs","volume":"151","author":"Teranishi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hear. Res."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/14\/20\/4329\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:55:12Z","timestamp":1760144112000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/14\/20\/4329"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,16]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["nu14204329"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14204329","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,16]]}}}