{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T19:54:26Z","timestamp":1787601266244,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["780\/09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["780\/09"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives and Study: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plays an essential role in infants\u2019 development. Maternal diet and breastmilk are the primary DHA sources for newborns. This single-center observational study aimed to compare the DHA content in mother\u2019s milk of preterm mothers with that of term ones, and to investigate the changes in mother\u2019s milk DHA content according to the week of the gestational age. Methods: A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was submitted to each mother to estimate the DHA intake during the last trimester of pregnancy, and the mother\u2019s milk was collected between 24 and 96 h post-partum. Results: Women who gave birth prematurely showed a lower content of mother\u2019s milk DHA than the term ones (0.51; IQR 0.38\u20130.6% FA vs. 0.71; IQR 0.52\u20130.95% FA; p = 0.001). In the multivariate linear regression analyses, for each additional week of gestational age, there was an increase in DHA content in the mother\u2019s milk (0.046% FA; CI 95% 0.018\u20130.074; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that breast milk may not be sufficient to fully satisfy the recommended DHA intake in preterm infants. This study may represent a starting point to investigate new possible DHA supplementation strategies, especially for the late and moderate preterm infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14214595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T08:15:12Z","timestamp":1667376912000},"page":"4595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Comparative Analysis of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Content in Mother\u2019s Milk of Term and Preterm Mothers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Giulia","family":"Vizzari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4616-5081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Morniroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Alessandretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vittoria","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9178-0713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Turolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dialysis and Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pediatric Nephrology, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0857-8432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie-Louise","family":"Syren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2475-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Pesenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5006-0832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Agostoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pediatric Area, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Mosca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3901-9131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Lorella","family":"Giann\u00ec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e589","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(15)00183-7","article-title":"New WHO Recommendations to Improve the Outcomes of Preterm Birth","volume":"3","author":"Vogel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. 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