{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T13:49:23Z","timestamp":1762868963460,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"German Diabetes Foundation","award":["232\/11\/08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232\/11\/08"]}]},{"name":"Rettenmaier &amp; Soehne, Holzmuehle, Germany","award":["232\/11\/08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232\/11\/08"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: T2DM heterogeneity affects responsiveness to lifestyle treatment. Beta-cell failure and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) independently predict T2DM, but NAFLD inconsistently predicts metabolic response to lifestyle intervention. Aim: We attempt to replicate a prediction model deducted from the T\u00fcbinger Lifestyle Intervention Program by assessing similar metabolic factors to predict conversion to normal glucose regulation (NGR) in a comparable lifestyle intervention trial. Methods: In the Optimal Fiber Trial (OptiFiT), 131 Caucasian participants with prediabetes completed a one-year lifestyle intervention program and received a fiber or placebo supplement. We compared baseline parameters for responders and non-responders, assessed correlations of major metabolic changes and conducted a logistic regression analysis for predictors of remission to NGR. Results: NGR was achieved by 33 participants, respectively. At baseline, for the placebo group only, 1 h and 2 h glucose levels, glucose AUC and Cederholm index predicted conversion to NGR. HOMA-beta, HOMA-IR or liver fat indices did not differ between responders and non-responders of the placebo or the fiber group. Changes in waist circumference or fatty liver index correlated with changes in glycemia and insulin resistance, but not with changes in insulin secretion. Insulin-resistant NAFLD did not predict non-response. Differences in compliance did not explain the results. Conclusions: Higher post-challenge glucose levels strongly predicted the metabolic non-response to complex lifestyle intervention in our cohort. Depending on the specific intervention and the investigated cohort, fasting glucose levels and insulin sensitivity might contribute to the risk pattern. Beta-cell function did not improve in accordance with other metabolic improvements, qualifying as a potential risk factor for non-response. We could not replicate previous data suggesting that an insulin-resistant fatty liver is a specific risk factor for treatment failure. Replication studies are required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14224721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T02:49:38Z","timestamp":1667962178000},"page":"4721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Predicting Factors for Metabolic Non-Response to a Complex Lifestyle Intervention\u2014A Replication Analysis to a Randomized-Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1792-1757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Kabisch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V., Gesch\u00e4ftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina M. T.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V., Gesch\u00e4ftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Honsek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margrit","family":"Kemper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V., Gesch\u00e4ftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christiana","family":"Gerbracht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayman M.","family":"Arafat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Dambeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin A.","family":"Osterhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin O.","family":"Weickert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, The ARDEN NET Centre, ENETS CoE, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK"},{"name":"Centre of Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences (ABES), Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK"},{"name":"Translational & Experimental Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6887-0016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas F. H.","family":"Pfeiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V., Gesch\u00e4ftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.12.2201","article-title":"Parental transmission of type 2 diabetes: The Framingham Offspring Study","volume":"49","author":"Meigs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.15.1433","article-title":"Walking compared with vigorous physical activity and risk of type 2 diabetes in women: A prospective study","volume":"282","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60614-4","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes across generations: From pathophysiology to prevention and management","volume":"378","author":"Nolan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.4.537","article-title":"Effects of diet and exercise in preventing NIDDM in people with impaired glucose tolerance. 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