{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T14:46:21Z","timestamp":1790606781317,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The CAMS initiative for Innovative Medicine of China","award":["2021-I2M-1-034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-I2M-1-034"]}]},{"name":"The CAMS initiative for Innovative Medicine of China","award":["82173399"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82173399"]}]},{"name":"The National Natural Science Foundation General Program","award":["2021-I2M-1-034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-I2M-1-034"]}]},{"name":"The National Natural Science Foundation General Program","award":["82173399"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82173399"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aging is an inevitable physiological process accompanied by a decline in body physiology, including male fertility. A preparation from Ganoderma lucidum (GL) containing triterpenes and polysaccharides has been shown to have anti-aging properties. In the current study, the effects of GL on mating ability, testosterone secretion, and testicular structure and function were observed in middle-aged male mice. The GL preparation was administered orally to mice for 2 to 5 months, and then behavioral, serological, and histopathological examinations were performed. Results showed that in the GL group of mice, the mating latency was shortened, the number of pursuits within 20 min was increased, and the mating success rate was higher compared to control mice. Additionally, the levels of serum testosterone, cell proliferation (Ki67), and sperm-specific lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-C4 were increased, while the levels of senescence-related protein p16 and cellular apoptosis were decreased in GL mice. Testicular spermatogenic cells and sperm and stromal cells were reduced and exhibited structural disorder in 11- and 14-month-old control mice, while these changes were improved compared to age-matched mice receiving the GL preparation. Furthermore, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the pro-apoptotic protein Bax were decreased, while the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was increased in GL mice. Finally, the mitochondrial structure was relatively complete in GL mice compared to controls. Therefore, GL has the potential to improve testicular structure and function in middle-aged male mice by alleviating oxidative stress, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, and reducing cellular apoptosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14224733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T02:07:48Z","timestamp":1668046068000},"page":"4733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Triterpenoids and Polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum Improve the Histomorphology and Function of Testes in Middle-Aged Male Mice by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Cellular Apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunlin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"},{"name":"National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2017.0410","article-title":"Emerging roles of Ganoderma lucidum in anti-aging","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/11.3.298","article-title":"Ageing: A theory based on free radical and radiation 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