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10\/09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["API 10\/09"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness","award":["LE22A10-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LE22A10-2"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness","award":["2014SGR647 and 2014SGR756"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014SGR647 and 2014SGR756"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness","award":["2009-S0143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009-S0143"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness","award":["AP061\/10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP061\/10"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The association of meat intake with gastric adenocarcinoma is controversial. We examined the relation between white, red, and processed meat intake and gastric adenocarcinoma, considering doneness preference and cooking methods, by histological subtype and anatomical subsite. Methods: MCC-Spain is a multicase\u2013control study that included 286 incident gastric adenocarcinoma cases and 2993 controls who answered a food-frequency questionnaire. The association of gastric adenocarcinoma with meat intake, doneness preference and cooking methods was assessed using binary multivariate logistic regression mixed models and a possible interaction with sex was considered. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate risk by tumor subsite (cardia vs. non-cardia) and subtype (intestinal vs. diffuse). Sensitivity analyses were conducted comparing models with and without data on Helicobacter pylori infection. Results: The intake of red and processed meat increased gastric adenocarcinoma risk (OR for one serving\/week increase (95% CI) = 1.11 (1.02;1.20) and 1.04 (1.00;1.08), respectively), specifically among men and for non-cardia and intestinal gastric adenocarcinoma. Those who consume well done white or red meat showed higher risk of non-cardia (white: RRR = 1.57 (1.14;2.16); red: RRR = 1.42 (1.00;2.02)) and intestinal tumors (white: RRR = 1.69 (1.10;2.59); red: RRR = 1.61 (1.02;2.53)) than those with a preference for rare\/medium doneness. Stewing and griddling\/barbequing red and white meat, and oven baking white meat, seemed to be the cooking methods with the greatest effect over gastric adenocarcinoma. The reported associations remained similar after considering Helicobacter pylori seropositivity. Conclusions: Reducing red and processed meat intake could decrease gastric adenocarcinoma risk, especially for intestinal and non-cardia tumors. Meat cooking practices could modify the risk of some gastric cancer subtypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14224852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T03:27:44Z","timestamp":1668655664000},"page":"4852","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Meat Intake, Cooking Methods, Doneness Preferences and Risk of Gastric Adenocarcinoma in the MCC-Spain Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0027-1989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Boldo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Calle de Melchor Fern\u00e1ndez Almagro, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nerea","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez de Larrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Calle de Melchor Fern\u00e1ndez Almagro, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Poll\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Calle de Melchor Fern\u00e1ndez Almagro, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0552-2804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente","family":"Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"The Research Group in Gene\u2014Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Campus Universitario de Vegazana, Universidad de Le\u00f3n, 24071 Le\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, Universidad de Le\u00f3n, 24071 Le\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mireia","family":"Ob\u00f3n-Santacana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Avinguda de la Gran Via de l\u2019Hospitalet 199-203, 08908 L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain"},{"name":"Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Avinguda de la Gran Via de l\u2019Hospitalet 199, 08908 L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9242-6364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcela","family":"Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Navarra Public Health Institute, Calle Leyre, 15, 31003 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Calle Leyre 15, 31003 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4468-1816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Casta\u00f1o-Vinyals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, 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Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7680-158X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Tard\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Oncolog\u00eda (IUOPA), Facultad de Medicina, Campus de El Cristo B, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. 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