{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T09:59:07Z","timestamp":1790935147157,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports Science, and Technology of Japan","award":["20KK0190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20KK0190"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports Science, and Technology of Japan","award":["22H02965"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22H02965"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports Science, and Technology of Japan","award":["20K07841"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K07841"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To elucidate the age-related sex difference in glucose tolerance, we conducted 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests in 1156 participants. Participants were divided into four groups, namely, young (22\u201329) males, young females, middle-aged (&gt;50) males, and middle-aged females. According to the Japanese Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes 2019, the prevalence of normal glucose tolerance (NGT) was significantly lower in middle-aged than in young participants. The prevalence of high-normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was higher, and NGT was lower in young males (high-normal FPG 15.2%, NGT 82.0%) than young females (high-FPG 3.9%, NGT 94.3%). Combined glucose intolerance (CGI) was higher and NGT was lower in middle-aged males (CGI 10.2%, NGT 25.2%) than in middle-aged females (CGI 3.3%, NGT 39.8%). FPG and body mass index (BMI) were the lowest and Homeostatic model assessment beta cell function (HOMA-\u03b2) was the highest in young females, followed by young males, middle-aged females, and middle-aged males. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that BMI weakly correlated with HOMA-\u03b2 and Matsuda index in all subjects except young females. The superior glucose tolerance in females was apparent in young, but attenuated in middle-aged females. The differences are due to the higher insulin secretion potential and lower BMI in young females.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14224868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T04:08:40Z","timestamp":1668744520000},"page":"4868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Age-Related Sex Differences in Glucose Tolerance by 75 g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Japanese"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Center, Gunma University Hospital, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Food Science and Wellness, Gunma University, Aramaki-machi 4-2, Meabshi 371-8510, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0941-2525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takao","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Center, Gunma University Hospital, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Food Science and Wellness, Gunma University, Aramaki-machi 4-2, Meabshi 371-8510, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuhiko","family":"Tsunekawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Center, Gunma University Hospital, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Food Science and Wellness, Gunma University, Aramaki-machi 4-2, Meabshi 371-8510, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshifumi","family":"Shoho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Sports Education, Faculty of Education, Ikuei University, Kyome-machi 1656-1, Takasaki 370-0011, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshimaro","family":"Yanagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Sports Education, Faculty of Education, Ikuei University, Kyome-machi 1656-1, Takasaki 370-0011, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Araki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Center, Gunma University Hospital, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Ogiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital, Kamishindenmachi, Maebashi 371-0821, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masami","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Center, Gunma University Hospital, Showa-machi 3-39-22, Meabshi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Food Science and Wellness, Gunma University, Aramaki-machi 4-2, Meabshi 371-8510, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, November 14). 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