{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:40:57Z","timestamp":1791895257929,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1G1A1010927"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1G1A1010927"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KCHUGR-202101001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KCHUGR-202101001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research Foundation","award":["2020R1G1A1010927"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1G1A1010927"]}]},{"name":"the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research Foundation","award":["KCHUGR-202101001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KCHUGR-202101001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The role of the gastric mucosal microbiome in Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the microbial alterations and host inflammatory cytokine responses in H. pylori-negative GC. Gastric mucosal samples were obtained from 137 H. pylori-negative patients with GC (n = 45) and controls (chronic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia, n = 92). We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing (n = 67), a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to determine the relative mRNA expression levels of TNF (tumor necrosis factor), IL1B (interleukin 1 beta), IL6 (interleukin 6), CXCL8 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8), IL10 (interleukin 10), IL17A (interleukin 17A), TGFB1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) (n = 113), and the correlation analysis between sequencing and expression data (n = 47). Gastric mucosal microbiota in patients with GC showed reduced diversity and a significantly different composition compared to that of the controls. Lacticaseibacillus was significantly enriched, while Haemophilus and Campylobacter were depleted in the cancer group compared to the control group. These taxa could distinguish the two groups in a random forest algorithm. Moreover, the combined relative abundance of these taxa, a GC microbiome index, significantly correlated with gastric mucosal IL1B expression, which was elevated in the cancer group. Overall, altered gastric mucosal microbiota was found to be associated with increased mucosal IL1B expression in H. pylori-negative GC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14234981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T02:54:05Z","timestamp":1669258445000},"page":"4981","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Altered Gastric Microbiota and Inflammatory Cytokine Responses in Patients with Helicobacter pylori-Negative Gastric Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7053-7469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han-Na","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3302-6755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min-Jeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4698-0254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan P.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0265-672X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyo-Joon","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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