{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T00:34:47Z","timestamp":1775176487533,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]],"date-time":"2022-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin K, especially its K2 form, is considered to be a protective factor against developing vascular changes and bone lesions that are common complications in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients. There is a growing number of studies showing that KTx patients are at risk of vitamin K deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake of vitamin K1 and K2 in the diet of patients in the late period after KTx. During a routine visit at one outpatient transplantation clinic in Central Europe, a diet survey questionnaire was filled in by 151 clinically stable KTx recipients and compared with medical history, anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests. Mean vitamin K1 intake was 120.9 \u00b1 49 \u03bcg\/day and vitamin K2 (MK, menaquinone) intake 28.69 \u00b1 11.36 \u03bcg\/day, including: MK-4: 25.9 \u00b1 9.9 \u03bcg\/day; MK-5: 0.1 \u00b1 0.2 \u03bcg\/day; MK-6: 0.2 \u00b1 0.4 \u03bcg\/day; MK-7: 0.2 \u00b1 0.23 \u03bcg\/day; MK-8: 1 \u00b1 1.9 \u03bcg\/day; MK-9: 0.9 \u00b1 2.3 \u03bcg\/day; and MK-10: 0.2 \u00b1 0.5 \u03bcg\/day. Our study showed that KTx recipients\u2019 diets contained adequate amounts of vitamin K1, whereas the intake of vitamin K2 seemed insufficient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14235070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]],"date-time":"2022-11-29T02:09:58Z","timestamp":1669687798000},"page":"5070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Vitamin K1 and K2 in the Diet of Patients in the Long Term after Kidney Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Kluch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Polish Mother\u2019s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrycja","family":"Bednarkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Transplant Nephrology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8301-8059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Orzechowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Grzelak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Polish Mother\u2019s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3448-0682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilona","family":"Kurnatowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Transplant Nephrology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1159\/000475999","article-title":"Long-term progression of coronary artery calcification is independent of classical risk factors, c-reactive protein, and parathyroid hormone in renal transplant patients","volume":"7","author":"Gulcicek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiorenal Med."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"353","article-title":"Persistently increased bone turnover and low bone density in long-term survivors to kidney transplantation","volume":"56","author":"Giannini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. 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