{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:59:47Z","timestamp":1787065187850,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National of Science and Technology Council","award":["111-2628-B-192-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111-2628-B-192-001"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","award":["111-2628-B-192-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111-2628-B-192-001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Global air pollution and diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) generated by intratracheal instillation aggravate asthma. In this study, we evaluated the effect of probiotics via tracheal- or oral-route administration on allergies or asthma. We continuously perfused rats daily, using the oral and tracheal routes, with approximately 106\u2013108 CFU probiotics, for 4 weeks. During this period, we used OVA-sensitized rats to build the asthma models. We orally or intratracheally administered Lactobacillus paracasei 33 (LP33) to the rats, which reduced the number of total inflammatory cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid, the IgE concentration, and the cytokine levels of TH2 cells, but we found no significant difference in the cytokine levels of TH1 cells. LP33 can be used to prevent asthmatic allergic reactions induced by aerosol particles. Nevertheless, the dosage form or use of LP33 needs to be adjusted to reduce the irritation of lung tissues, which may produce lesions of the trachea. We observed that DEP dosage can alleviate emphysema, and that LP33 has a substantial effect on improving or slowing allergic asthma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14245219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T02:51:56Z","timestamp":1670467916000},"page":"5219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Probiotics\u2019 Efficacy in Preventing Asthmatic Allergic Reaction Induced by Air Particles: An Animal Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chi-Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Technology Research Center, Agriculture Technology Research Institute, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang-Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Technology Research Center, Agriculture Technology Research Institute, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0091-258X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I-Jen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11267, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622315609251","article-title":"Eosinophilic airway inflammation: Role in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"7","author":"George","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ther. 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