{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:25:49Z","timestamp":1789518349589,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008675","name":"Zayed University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008675","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin D insufficiency impacts about half of the population worldwide. Almost one billion individuals across all ages and ethnicities suffer from vitamin D deficiency. Hypovitaminosis D is mainly related to lifestyle choices and habits, such as outdoor activities and food intake. Several studies have demonstrated a correlation between vitamin D status and anxiety symptoms. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between anxiety and factors including age, vitamin D deficiency, citizens, dietary and supplementary vitamin D intake, along with sun exposure, among a sample of female college students in the United Arab Emirates. A descriptive questionnaire, including a short version of the generalized anxiety disorder scale, food frequency questionnaire, and sun avoidance inventory, was used to assess the relationship between the dietary intake of vitamin D-rich foods and supplements, along with sun avoidance\/exposure and generalized anxiety, among a total of 386 female participants aged 18 and above. The findings showed clear evidence that sun avoidance behaviors are strongly associated with an elevated risk of generalized anxiety disorder among adult females in the United Arab Emirates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14245327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T03:01:51Z","timestamp":1671073311000},"page":"5327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Associations between Dietary Intake of Vitamin D, Sun Exposure, and Generalized Anxiety among College Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1993-6656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatme","family":"Al Anouti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1439-3285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunlight, Nutrition and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5UX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2609-4001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharifa","family":"AlBlooshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai P.O. Box 19282, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4225-2746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spyridon","family":"Karras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School of Aristotle University, 55535 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10585","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10585","article-title":"Trends in Vitamin Status around the World","volume":"5","author":"Lips","year":"2021","journal-title":"JBMR Plus"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15226\/2374-6890\/3\/2\/00144","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency, the volume of the problem in the United Arab Emirates. 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