{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T17:50:49Z","timestamp":1770832249911,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme","award":["848261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["848261"]}]},{"name":"UNITI\u2014Unification of Treatments and Interventions for Tinnitus Patients.","award":["848261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["848261"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Optimization of dietary intake is an essential component in the multidimensional effort to prevent and manage chronic disease. Recently, demand has increased for nutrition-focused management strategies for chronic tinnitus. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate 10 dietary items for their association with changes in subjective tinnitus severity. A secondary aim was to develop an algorithm to better identify those individuals who might benefit from dietary modification strategies. A total of 5017 anonymous users of the TinnitusTalk forum completed an online survey regarding how various dietary items affected the severity of their tinnitus. Results suggest that, while intake of caffeine [positive effect (PE): 0.4%; negative effect (NE): 16.2%], alcohol (PE: 2.7%; NE: 13.3%, and salt (PE: 0.1%; NE: 9.9%) was most likely to influence tinnitus severity, it did so only for a small proportion of participants and reported effects were most commonly mild. Further, though a classification algorithm was able to leverage participant demographic, comorbidity, and tinnitus characteristics to identify those individuals most likely to benefit from dietary modification above chance levels, further efforts are required to achieve significant clinical utility. Taken together, these results do not support dietary modification as a primary treatment strategy for chronic tinnitus in the general population, though clinically meaningful effects might be observable in certain individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14245356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T07:59:21Z","timestamp":1671436761000},"page":"5356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Influence of Diet on Tinnitus Severity: Results of a Large-Scale, Online Survey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7639-5318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven C.","family":"Marcrum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7346-0441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milena","family":"Engelke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hazel","family":"Goedhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TinnitusHub, London WC2H 9JQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Berthold","family":"Langguth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7942-1788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Winfried","family":"Schlee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Information and Process Management, Eastern University of Applied Sciences, 9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1866-5556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markku","family":"Vesala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TinnitusHub, London WC2H 9JQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3397-2319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge P.","family":"Simoes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.12.002","article-title":"Tinnitus and tinnitus disorder: Theoretical and operational definitions (an international multidisciplinary proposal)","volume":"260","author":"Schlee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog. 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