{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:15:30Z","timestamp":1790709330464,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"French National Research Agency (ANR)","award":["EBPPG32018\/137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EBPPG32018\/137"]}]},{"name":"Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) represented by Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE)","award":["EBPPG32018\/137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EBPPG32018\/137"]}]},{"name":"The Health Research Board (HRB)","award":["EBPPG32018\/137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EBPPG32018\/137"]}]},{"name":"Ministero dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca (MUR)","award":["EBPPG32018\/137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EBPPG32018\/137"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research Council","award":["EBPPG32018\/137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EBPPG32018\/137"]}]},{"name":"Irish Research Council (IRC) under its Employment-Based Postgraduate Programme Scholarship in collaboration with Kerry Group","award":["EBPPG32018\/137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EBPPG32018\/137"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plant-based proteins are generally characterised by lower Indispensable Amino Acid (IAA) content, digestibility, and anabolic properties, compared to animal-based proteins. However, they are environmentally friendlier, and wider consumption is advocated. Older adults have higher dietary protein needs to prevent sarcopenia, a disease marked by an accelerated loss of muscle mass and function. Given the lower environmental footprint of plant-based proteins and the importance of optimising dietary protein quality among older adults, this paper aims to assess the net peripheral Amino Acid (AA) appearance after ingestion of three different plant protein and fibre (PPF) products, compared to whey protein with added fibre (WPF), in healthy older adults. In a randomised, single-blind, crossover design, nine healthy men and women aged \u226565 years consumed four test meals balanced in AA according to the FAO reference protein for humans, matched for leucine, to optimally stimulate muscle protein synthesis in older adults. A fasted blood sample was drawn at each visit before consuming the test meal, followed by postprandial arterialise blood sampling every 30 min for 3 h. The test meal was composed of a soup containing either WPF or PPF 1\u20133. The PPF blends comprised pea proteins with varying additional rice, pumpkin, soy, oat, and\/or almond protein. PPF product ingestion resulted in a lower maximal increase of postprandial leucine concentration and the sum of branched-chain AA (BCAA) and IAA concentrations, compared to WPF, with no effect on their incremental area under the curve. Plasma methionine and cysteine, and to a lesser extent threonine, appearance were limited after consuming the PPF products, but not WPF. Despite equal leucine doses, the WPF induced greater postprandial insulin concentrations than the PPF products. In conclusion, the postprandial appearance of AA is highly dependent on the protein source in older adults, despite providing equivalent IAA levels and dietary fibre. Coupled with lower insulin concentrations, this could imply less anabolic potential. Further investigation is required to understand the applicability of plant-based proteins in healthy older adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15010035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T02:31:11Z","timestamp":1671676271000},"page":"35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Peripheral Amino Acid Appearance Is Lower Following Plant Protein Fibre Products, Compared to Whey Protein and Fibre Ingestion, in Healthy Older Adults despite Optimised Amino Acid Profile"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3581-2570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"de Marco Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD Conway Institute and UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5221-580X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Valli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Buffi\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche pour l\u2019Agriculture, l\u2019Alimentation et l\u2019Environnement, Rte de Theix, 63122 Saint-Gen\u00e8s-Champanelle, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Guillet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche pour l\u2019Agriculture, l\u2019Alimentation et l\u2019Environnement, Rte de Theix, 63122 Saint-Gen\u00e8s-Champanelle, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3973-1105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Mullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD Conway Institute and UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7410-078X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jedd","family":"Pratt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5046-3658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katy","family":"Horner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD Conway Institute and UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6838-5574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanne","family":"Naumann-Gola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Str., 85354 Freising, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Bader-Mittermaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Str., 85354 Freising, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Paganini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6855-9180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"De Vito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0628-3318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen M.","family":"Roche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD Conway Institute and UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Dardevet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche pour l\u2019Agriculture, l\u2019Alimentation et l\u2019Environnement, Rte de Theix, 63122 Saint-Gen\u00e8s-Champanelle, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1159\/000435862","article-title":"Macronutrient Intake and Inadequacies of Community-Dwelling Older Adults, a Systematic Review","volume":"66","author":"Verlaan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. 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