{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T23:54:42Z","timestamp":1790034882453,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":207,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]],"date-time":"2022-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The microbiota, as a complex of microorganisms in a particular ecosystem, is part of the wider term\u2014microbiome, which is defined as the set of all genetic content in the microbial community. Imbalanced gut microbiota has a great impact on the homeostasis of the organism. Dysbiosis, as a disturbance in bacterial balance, might trigger or exacerbate the course of different pathologies. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a disorder characterized by differences in quantity, quality, and location of the small intestine microbiota. SIBO underlies symptoms associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGD) as well as may alter the presentation of chronic diseases such as heart failure, diabetes, etc. In recent years there has been growing interest in the influence of SIBO and its impact on the whole human body as well as individual systems. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the co-existence of SIBO with different medical conditions. The PubMed database was searched up to July 2022 and we found 580 original studies; inclusion and exclusion criteria let us identify 112 eligible articles, which are quoted in this paper. The present SIBO diagnostic methods could be divided into two groups\u2014invasive, the gold standard\u2014small intestine aspirate culture, and non-invasive, breath tests (BT). Over the years scientists have explored SIBO and its associations with other diseases. Its role has been confirmed not only in gastroenterology but also in cardiology, endocrinology, neurology, rheumatology, and nephrology. Antibiotic therapy could reduce SIBO occurrence resulting not only in the relief of FGD symptoms but also manifestations of comorbid diseases. Although more research is needed, the link between SIBO and other diseases is an important pathway for scientists to follow.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15010090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T07:31:56Z","timestamp":1672126316000},"page":"90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Show Me What You Have Inside\u2014The Complex Interplay between SIBO and Multiple Medical Conditions\u2014A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2894-8106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Sroka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-276 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8126-3085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicja","family":"Rydzewska-Roso\u0142owska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-276 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8046-4179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Kakareko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-276 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3563-6215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariusz","family":"Roso\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-540 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irena","family":"G\u0142owi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-276 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0145-3103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Hryszko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-276 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Robles-Alonso, V., and Guarner, F. (2013). Progress in the knowledge of the instestinal human mucrobiota. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 553\u2013557."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.20546\/ijcmas.2019.808.187","article-title":"Gut Microbiota in Health and Diseases\u2014A Review","volume":"8","author":"Jethwani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-020-01474-7","article-title":"Human Gut Microbiota\/Microbiome in Health and Diseases: A Review","volume":"113","author":"Gomaa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90818-L","article-title":"The Diagnosis of Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth","volume":"98","author":"Corazza","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2017.09.008","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth","volume":"47","author":"Adike","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2016.08.017","article-title":"Functional 13C-Urea and Glucose Hydrogen\/Methane Breath Tests Reveal Significant Association of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Individuals with Active Helicobacter Pylori Infection","volume":"50","author":"Enko","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"412","article-title":"Normalization of Lactulose Breath Testing Correlates with Symptom Improvement in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study","volume":"98","author":"Pimentel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.011502","article-title":"A Link between Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Fibromyalgia May Be Related to Findings on Lactulose Breath Testing","volume":"63","author":"Pimentel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.40795.x","article-title":"Detection of Bacterial Overgrowth in IBS Using the Lactulose H2 Breath Test: Comparison with 14C-d-Xylose and Healthy Controls","volume":"100","author":"Walters","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02690.x","article-title":"Hydrogen Glucose Breath Test to Detect Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Prevalence Case-Control Study in Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"22","author":"Lupascu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.108712","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"56","author":"Posserud","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.01785.x","article-title":"Lactulose Breath Testing Does Not Discriminate Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome from Healthy Controls","volume":"103","author":"Bratten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2009.3.3.174","article-title":"The Relationship between Small-Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Intestinal Permeability in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"3","author":"Park","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3181a099a5","article-title":"Positive Glucose Breath Testing Is More Prevalent in Patients with IBS-like Symptoms Compared with Controls of Similar Age and Gender Distribution","volume":"43","author":"Parodi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2010.16.1.40","article-title":"Frequency of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Chronic Non-Specific Diarrhea","volume":"16","author":"Ghoshal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1159\/000336174","article-title":"Comparison of Lactulose and Glucose Breath Test for Diagnosis of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"85","author":"Rana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.06654.x","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Frequency and Predictors: SIBO in IBS: Frequency and Predictors","volume":"26","author":"Sachdeva","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000122","article-title":"Breath Tests in the Diagnosis of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Comparison with Quantitative Upper Gut Aspirate Culture","volume":"26","author":"Ghoshal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"36","article-title":"Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: The First Study in Iran","volume":"7","author":"Abbasi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Middle East J. Dig. Dis."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12331","article-title":"A Study of the Methodological and Clinical Validity of the Combined Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test with Scintigraphic Oro-Cecal Transit Test for Diagnosing Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in IBS Patients","volume":"26","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1981.tb01841.x","article-title":"IIeal Dysfunction and Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"11","author":"Rutgeerts","year":"1981","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200007000-00015","article-title":"Orocecal Transit Time and Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"31","author":"Castiglione","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klaus, J., Spaniol, U., Adler, G., Mason, R.A., Reinshagen, M., and von Tirpitz, C.C. (2009). Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Mimicking Acute Flare as a Pitfall in Patients with Crohn\u2019s Disease. BMC Gastroenterol., 9.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-9-61"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2015.1050691","article-title":"Glucose Breath Test and Crohn\u2019s Disease: Diagnosis of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Evaluation of Therapeutic Response","volume":"50","author":"Greco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000803","article-title":"Small-Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Is Associated with Concurrent Intestinal Inflammation but Not with Systemic Inflammation in Crohn\u2019s Disease Patients","volume":"52","author":"Ricci","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2014.01.007","article-title":"Relationship of Cytokines, Oxidative Stress and GI Motility with Bacterial Overgrowth in Ulcerative Colitis Patients","volume":"8","author":"Rana","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"6605","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Evaluation of Intestinal Barrier Function in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2594","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-013-2694-x","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Orocecal Transit Time in Patients of Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"58","author":"Rana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12908","article-title":"Clinical Significance of the Glucose Breath Test in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Andrei, M., and Gologan, \u015e. (2016). Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome Prevalence in Romanian Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Curr. Health Sci. J., 151\u2013156."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-021-01211-6","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case-Control Study","volume":"41","author":"Ghoshal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian, J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/23.12.1602","article-title":"Jejunal Bacterial Flora in Chronic Small Bowel Disease","volume":"23","author":"Prizont","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07379.x","article-title":"High Prevalence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Celiac Patients with Persistence of Gastrointestinal Symptoms after Gluten Withdrawal","volume":"98","author":"Tursi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghoshal, U.C., Ghoshal, U., Misra, A., and Choudhuri, G. (2004). Partially Responsive Celiac Disease Resulting from Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Lactose Intolerance. BMC Gastroenterol., 4.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-4-10"},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"159","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in North Indian Patients with Celiac Disease","volume":"28","author":"Rana","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trop. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3181557e67","article-title":"Prevalence of Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth Diagnosed by Quantitative Culture of Intestinal Aspirate in Celiac Disease","volume":"43","author":"Barton","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2939","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-011-1719-6","article-title":"Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial of Rifaximin for Persistent Symptoms in Patients with Celiac Disease","volume":"56","author":"Chang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rgmx.2015.04.002","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Prevalence in Celiac Disease Patients Is Similar in Healthy Subjects and Lower in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients","volume":"80","author":"Lasa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Gastroenterol. M\u00e9xico (Engl. Ed.)"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e191","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01686.x","article-title":"The Role of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Postgastrectomy Patients: Bacterial Overgrowth and Gastrectomy","volume":"23","author":"Paik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001445","article-title":"Prospective Study of Malabsorption and Malnutrition After Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Surgery","volume":"262","author":"Heneghan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-016-2343-5","article-title":"Consequences of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Obese Patients Before and After Bariatric Surgery","volume":"27","author":"Sabate","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl16132","article-title":"Positive Glucose Breath Tests in Patients with Hysterectomy, Gastrectomy, and Cholecystectomy","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e146","DOI":"10.1038\/s41424-018-0011-x","article-title":"Does Colectomy Predispose to Small Intestinal Bacterial (SIBO) and Fungal Overgrowth (SIFO)?","volume":"9","author":"Rao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-020-04477-5","article-title":"Study of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in a Cohort of Patients with Abdominal Symptoms Who Underwent Bariatric Surgery","volume":"30","author":"Mouillot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-007-9398-2","article-title":"High Prevalence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Morbid Obesity: A Contributor to Severe Hepatic Steatosis","volume":"18","author":"Harnois","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-010-1239-9","article-title":"Small Intestinal Clustered Contractions and Bacterial Overgrowth: A Frequent Finding in Obese Patients","volume":"56","author":"Madrid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.04.007","article-title":"Higher Visceral to Subcutaneous Fat Ratio Is Associated with Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth","volume":"26","author":"Fialho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13199","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13199","article-title":"Obesity Increases the Risk of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)","volume":"30","author":"Roland","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.2.206","article-title":"The Role of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth, Intestinal Permeability, Endotoxaemia, and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha in the Pathogenesis of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"48","author":"Wigg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02562.x","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin Suppresses Bacterial Overgrowth, Increases Fasting Insulin but Does Not Correct Low Acylated Ghrelin Concentration in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"22","author":"Sajjad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22848","article-title":"Increased Intestinal Permeability and Tight Junction Alterations in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"49","author":"Miele","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-010-1447-3","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Association with Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression and Plasma Levels of Interleukin 8","volume":"56","author":"Shanab","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.15403\/jgld.2014.1121.252.iwg","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Is Associated with Non- Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"25","author":"Fialho","year":"2016","journal-title":"JGLD"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-017-0797-6","article-title":"Low-Grade Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Is Common in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis on Quantitative Jejunal Aspirate Culture","volume":"36","author":"Ghoshal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13947","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.13947","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Diagnosed by Transient Elastography and Liver Biopsy","volume":"75","author":"Mikolasevic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e535","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002157","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Orocecal Transit Time in Patients of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"33","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"626","article-title":"Bacterial overgrowth in small intestine in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"119","author":"Chesta","year":"1991","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Chil."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02065533","article-title":"Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Alcoholic Cirrhosis","volume":"40","author":"Ledesma","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018899611006","article-title":"Altered Small Bowel Motility in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis Depends on Severity of Liver Disease","volume":"42","author":"Madrid","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529850171549","article-title":"Small- Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis, Diagnosed with Glu- Cose H2 or CH4 Breath Tests","volume":"33","author":"Yang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80273-1","article-title":"Diagnosis of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Cirrhosis of the Liver: Poor Performance of the Glucose Breath Hydrogen Test","volume":"33","author":"Bauer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07475.x","article-title":"Small Intestinal Motility Disturbances and Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension","volume":"98","author":"Gunnarsdottir","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1159\/000215617","article-title":"A Positive Breath Hydrogen Test Does Not Predict the Occurrence of a Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Cirrhotic Patients with Ascites","volume":"79","author":"Nancey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.03994.x","article-title":"Small-Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Cirrhosis Is Related to the Severity of Liver Disease","volume":"29","author":"Pande","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-009-0870-9","article-title":"Association Between Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Peripheral Bacterial DNA in Cirrhotic Patients","volume":"55","author":"Jun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.05.017","article-title":"Role of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Delayed Gastrointestinal Transit Time in Cirrhotic Patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy","volume":"53","author":"Gupta","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2015.55675","article-title":"The Effect of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth on Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients with Cirrhosis","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3182a14fba","article-title":"Prolonged Orocecal Transit Time Enhances Serum Bile Acids Through Bacterial Overgrowth, Contributing Factor to Gallstone Disease","volume":"48","author":"Kaur","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14113","article-title":"The Characteristics of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Gallstone Diseases: Gallstone Diseases and SIBO","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1097\/00006676-199805000-00004","article-title":"Hydrogen Breath Test with Glucose in Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency","volume":"16","author":"Casellas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1185\/03007999909115173","article-title":"Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth During Chronic Pancreatitis","volume":"15","author":"Trespi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S52","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000238","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis","volume":"48","author":"Signoretti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2014.05.792","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Is Common Both among Patients with Alcoholic and Idiopathic Chronic Pancreatitis","volume":"14","author":"Kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2015.07.005","article-title":"Breath Hydrogen and Methane Are Associated with Intestinal Symptoms in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2018.02.010","article-title":"The Prevalence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Non-Surgical Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency (PEI)","volume":"18","author":"Bashir","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000200","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Is Common in Chronic Pancreatitis and Associates with Diabetes, Chronic Pancreatitis Severity, Low Zinc Levels, and Opiate Use","volume":"114","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8591","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i48.8591","article-title":"Association between Acute Pancreatitis and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Assessed by Hydrogen Breath Test","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"WJG"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"026006","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7163\/ab5460","article-title":"Association between Increased Breath Hydrogen Methane Concentration and Prevalence of Glucose Intolerance in Acute Pancreatitis","volume":"14","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Breath Res."},{"key":"ref_79","first-page":"631","article-title":"Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth Is Frequent in Cystic Fibrosis: Combined Hydrogen and Methane Measurements Are Required for Its Detection","volume":"56","author":"Lisowska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Pol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2017.07.014","article-title":"Bacterial Overgrowth, Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and Dysmotility in the Cystic Fibrosis Intestine","volume":"16","author":"Dorsey","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cyst. Fibros."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-018-1509-4","article-title":"The Role of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Cystic Fibrosis: A Randomized Case-Controlled Clinical Trial with Rifaximin","volume":"54","author":"Furnari","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2015.10.009","article-title":"Pathogenic Gut Flora in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure","volume":"4","author":"Pasini","year":"2016","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, Y., Liu, Y., Qi, B., Cui, X., Dong, X., Wang, Y., Han, X., Li, F., Shen, D., and Zhang, X. (2021). Association of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth with Heart Failure and Its Prediction for Short-Term Outcomes. JAHA.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.015292"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i7.1241","article-title":"Subclinical Atherosclerosis Is Linked to Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth via Vitamin K2-Dependent Mechanisms","volume":"23","author":"Ponziani","year":"2017","journal-title":"WJG"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-017-4828-z","article-title":"Association Between Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth by Glucose Breath Test and Coronary Artery Disease","volume":"63","author":"Fialho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"299","article-title":"Association between Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Deep Vein Thrombosis","volume":"4","author":"Fialho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13583","article-title":"Association between Small-intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries","volume":"15","author":"Cheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_88","first-page":"419","article-title":"Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth and Type 1 Diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Ojetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2012.0158","article-title":"Delayed Small Intestinal Transit in Patients with Long-Standing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Investigation of the Relationships with Clinical Features, Gastric Emptying, Psychological Distress, and Nutritional Parameters","volume":"15","author":"Faria","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes. Technol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13021","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13021","article-title":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Complex Interplay of Oxidative Stress, Cytokines, Gastrointestinal Motility and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth","volume":"48","author":"Malik","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2011.0078","article-title":"Orocecal Transit Time and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Type 2 Diabetes Patients from North India","volume":"13","author":"Rana","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-016-0569-6","article-title":"Malabsorption, Orocecal Transit Time and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Connection","volume":"32","author":"Rana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ind. J. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.8.1200","article-title":"Small-Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth in Diabetic Subjects Is Associated with Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy","volume":"23","author":"Zietz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4180","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0606","article-title":"Association between Hypothyroidism and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth","volume":"92","author":"Lauritano","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i5.842","article-title":"Levothyroxine Therapy and Impaired Clearance Are the Strongest Contributors to Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Results of a Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"23","author":"Brechmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"WJG"},{"key":"ref_96","first-page":"15","article-title":"Thyroid dysfunction in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth","volume":"44","author":"Konrad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pol. Merkur. Lek."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23566","article-title":"Prevalence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"26","author":"Gabrielli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-4749-4-12","article-title":"Leukocyte-Subset Counts in Idiopathic Parkinsonism Provide Clues to a Pathogenic Pathway Involving Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth. A Surveillance Study","volume":"4","author":"Dobbs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut Pathog."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00007-1","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"14","author":"Fasano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.02.019","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"20","author":"Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-016-1612-8","article-title":"Prevalence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Chinese Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"123","author":"Niu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neural. Transm."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000132","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2017-000132","article-title":"Utility of the Wireless Motility Capsule and Lactulose Breath Testing in the Evaluation of Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease Who Present with Functional Gastrointestinal Symptoms","volume":"4","author":"Su","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2019.109436","article-title":"Bile Acid Abnormality Induced by Intestinal Dysbiosis Might Explain Lipid Metabolism in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"134","author":"Hasuike","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-017-1039-2","article-title":"Hydrogen Breath Test to Detect Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Prevalence Case\u2013Control Study in Autism","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1038\/s41424-018-0030-7","article-title":"de Brain Fogginess, Gas and Bloating: A Link between SIBO, Probiotics and Metabolic Acidosis","volume":"9","author":"Rao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01758.x","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients Suffering from Scleroderma: Clinical Effectiveness of Its Eradication","volume":"103","author":"Parodi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep226","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"48","author":"Marie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2011.603158","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Transit in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"46","author":"Fynne","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes429","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Motility Disorder Assessment in Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"52","author":"Savarino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2012.09.004","article-title":"Lactulose Breath Test to Assess Oro-Cecal Transit Delay and Estimate Esophageal Dysmotility in Scleroderma Patients","volume":"42","author":"Gemignani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.01.018","article-title":"Fecal Calprotectin in Systemic Sclerosis and Review of the Literature","volume":"14","author":"Marie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.2174\/1573397113666170425145405","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and Infections in Systemic Sclerosis- An Indian Scenario","volume":"14","author":"Adarsh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13495","article-title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth among Systemic Sclerosis Patients","volume":"22","author":"Sawadpanich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_114","first-page":"1134","article-title":"Effectiveness of Saccharomyces Boulardii and Metronidazole for Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"65","author":"Jara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.02.054","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Rosacea: Clinical Effectiveness of Its Eradication","volume":"6","author":"Parodi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.01.059","article-title":"The Role of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Rosacea: A 3-Year Follow-Up","volume":"75","author":"Drago","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1159\/000071292","article-title":"Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Have Abnormal Small Intestinal Motility and a High Prevalence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth","volume":"67","author":"Strid","year":"2003","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01639536","article-title":"Recent Studies on the Microbial Ecology of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract","volume":"17","author":"Bernhardt","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref_119","first-page":"112","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"3","author":"Dukowicz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01016.x","article-title":"Bacterial Populations Contaminating The Upper Gut in Patients With Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome","volume":"94","author":"Bouhnik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.46","article-title":"Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing in Gastrointestinal Disorders: The North American Consensus","volume":"112","author":"Rezaie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-014-3166-7","article-title":"Low Ileocecal Valve Pressure Is Significantly Associated with Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)","volume":"59","author":"Roland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-007-0065-1","article-title":"A Systematic Review of Diagnostic Tests for Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth","volume":"53","author":"Khoshini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12304","article-title":"Dysmotility and Proton Pump Inhibitor Use Are Independent Risk Factors for Small Intestinal Bacterial and\/or Fungal Overgrowth","volume":"37","author":"Jacobs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2009.12.022","article-title":"Increased Incidence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth During Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy","volume":"8","author":"Lombardo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90693-9","article-title":"Bacterial Overgrowth without Clinical Malabsorption in Elderly Hypochlorhydric Subjects","volume":"106","author":"Saltzman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.8.6.574","article-title":"Influence of Gastric PH on Gastric and Jejunal Flora","volume":"8","author":"Gray","year":"1967","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01303164","article-title":"Terminal Ileal Mucosal Mast Cells in Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"38","author":"Weston","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_129","first-page":"847","article-title":"Morphometric Study of Colonic Biopsies: A New Method of Estimating Inflammatory Diseases","volume":"60","author":"Salzmann","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lab. Investig."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.7.852","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Framework for Understanding Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"292","author":"Lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0000000000000348","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth as a Cause for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Guilty or Not Guilty?","volume":"33","author":"Aziz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-013-0356-y","article-title":"Gas and the Microbiome","volume":"15","author":"Pimentel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Gastroenterol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-018-5109-1","article-title":"Testing and Treating Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Reduces Symptoms in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"63","author":"Tafesh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01221.x","article-title":"Gallbladder Emptying and Somatostatin and Cholecystokinin Plasma Levels in Celiac Disease","volume":"94","author":"Fraquelli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1080\/003655200750024137","article-title":"Gastric Emptying and Plasma Neurotensin Levels in Untreated Celiac Patients","volume":"35","author":"Bardella","year":"2000","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000247994.34957.ae","article-title":"Intraepithelial \u0393\u03b4+ Lymphocytes: A Comparative Study between Celiac Disease, Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth, and Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"41","author":"Adames","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25762","article-title":"The Diagnosis and Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association","volume":"55","author":"Chalasani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13643","article-title":"Global Epidemiology of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease\/Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: What We Need in the Future","volume":"38","author":"Rosso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26319","article-title":"Intestinal Microbiota in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"58","author":"Mouzaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09922","article-title":"Gut Flora Metabolism of Phosphatidylcholine Promotes Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"472","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26093","article-title":"Characterization of Gut Microbiomes in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Patients: A Connection between Endogenous Alcohol and NASH","volume":"57","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.328","article-title":"Incidence, Prevalence, and Survival of Chronic Pancreatitis: A Population-Based Study","volume":"106","author":"Yadav","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2011.17.3.312","article-title":"How to Interpret Hydrogen Breath Tests","volume":"17","author":"Ghoshal","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000355","article-title":"Dysbiosis of Intestinal Microbiota Associated with Inflammation Involved in the Progression of Acute Pancreatitis","volume":"44","author":"Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G104","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00548.2006","article-title":"Altered Transit and Bacterial Overgrowth in the Cystic Fibrosis Mouse Small Intestine","volume":"293","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2014.06.011","article-title":"Digestive System Dysfunction in Cystic Fibrosis: Challenges for Nutrition Therapy","volume":"46","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2010.12.016","article-title":"Studies on Bacterial Endotoxin and Intestinal Absorption Function in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure","volume":"157","author":"Sandek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-17-1285","article-title":"Non-Ischemic Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction Is Associated with Altered Intestinal Microbiota","volume":"82","author":"Katsimichas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.06.1179","article-title":"Intestinal Blood Flow in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure","volume":"64","author":"Sandek","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2018.10.004","article-title":"Hydrogen- and Methane-Based Breath Testing and Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure","volume":"25","author":"Mollar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Card. Fail."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)09286-1","article-title":"Endotoxin and Immune Activation in Chronic Heart Failure: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"353","author":"Niebauer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e32830a4c6e","article-title":"The Emerging Role of the Gut in Chronic Heart Failure","volume":"11","author":"Sandek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2002.007005","article-title":"Inflammatory Mediators in Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview","volume":"90","author":"Anker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12332","article-title":"Design of the GutHeart-Targeting Gut Microbiota to Treat Heart Failure-Trial: A Phase II, Randomized Clinical Trial: GutHeart Design","volume":"5","author":"Mayerhofer","year":"2018","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1109400","article-title":"Intestinal Microbial Metabolism of Phosphatidylcholine and Cardiovascular Risk","volume":"368","author":"Tang","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02210-15","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02210-15","article-title":"Resveratrol Attenuates Trimethylamine- N -Oxide (TMAO)-Induced Atherosclerosis by Regulating TMAO Synthesis and Bile Acid Metabolism via Remodeling of the Gut Microbiota","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"ref_157","first-page":"530","article-title":"Chronic Diarrhoea and Diabetes Mellitus: Prevalence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth","volume":"24","author":"Tielmans","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3015","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI28898","article-title":"TLR4 Links Innate Immunity and Fatty Acid\u2013Induced Insulin Resistance","volume":"116","author":"Shi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-015-3712-7","article-title":"Gut Microorganisms as Promising Targets for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"58","author":"Delzenne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.161.16.1989","article-title":"Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Symptoms Associated With Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Survey of 15,000 Adults","volume":"161","author":"Bytzer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3181aec746","article-title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Gastroparesis: Are There Any Predictors?","volume":"44","author":"Reddymasu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.10.008","article-title":"Microbiome and Diabetes: Where Are We Now?","volume":"146","author":"Vallianou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-018-1092-3","article-title":"Rethinking Bile Acid Metabolism and Signaling for Type 2 Diabetes Treatment","volume":"18","author":"Zaborska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Diab. Rep."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.1042","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders in Endocrine Diseases","volume":"121","author":"Ciobanu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pol. Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2012.01.005","article-title":"Hypothyroidism: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management","volume":"96","author":"Almandoz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2834","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.2834","article-title":"Consequences of Dysthyroidism on the Digestive Tract and Viscera","volume":"15","author":"Daher","year":"2009","journal-title":"WJG"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-014-0640-6","article-title":"Gut Microbe Analysis Between Hyperthyroid and Healthy Individuals","volume":"69","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_168","first-page":"288","article-title":"The Influence of the Normal Microbial Flora on the Susceptibility of Rats to Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis","volume":"72","author":"Penhale","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.26444\/aaem\/112331","article-title":"The Importance of Nutritional Factors and Dietary Management of Hashimoto\u2019s Thyroiditis","volume":"27","author":"Ihnatowicz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Agric. Environ. Med."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2015.1086747","article-title":"The Treatment of Gastroparesis, Constipation and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome in Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"16","author":"Barboza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_171","unstructured":"DiBaise, J.K., Crowell, M.D., Driver-Dunckley, E., Mehta, S.H., Hoffman-Snyder, C., Lin, T., and Adler, C.H. (2018). Weight Loss in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: No Evidence for Role of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth. J. Park. Dis., 571\u2013581."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25522","article-title":"The Role of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Sibo in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"28","author":"Fasano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01087","article-title":"Contributions of Gut Bacteria and Diet to Drug Pharmacokinetics in the Treatment of Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"10","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-018-0337-x","article-title":"The Neuroactive Potential of the Human Gut Microbiota in Quality of Life and Depression","volume":"4","author":"Falony","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1080\/19315864.2012.681340","article-title":"A Comparison of the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) for the Quantitative Evaluation of Autism","volume":"6","author":"Geier","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ment. Health Res. Intellect. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3346","article-title":"Mind-Altering Microorganisms: The Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Brain and Behaviour","volume":"13","author":"Cryan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.008","article-title":"Detection of Clostridium Perfringens Toxin Genes in the Gut Microbiota of Autistic Children","volume":"45","author":"Finegold","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2010.06.008","article-title":"Pyrosequencing Study of Fecal Microflora of Autistic and Control Children","volume":"16","author":"Finegold","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2006.07.025","article-title":"Neurobiological Effects of Intraventricular Propionic Acid in Rats: Possible Role of Short Chain Fatty Acids on the Pathogenesis and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"176","author":"Macfabe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Hodgson, N.W., Trivedi, M.S., Abdolmaleky, H.M., Fournier, M., Cuenod, M., Do, K.Q., and Deth, R.C. (2016). Decreased Brain Levels of Vitamin B12 in Aging, Autism and Schizophrenia. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146797"},{"key":"ref_181","first-page":"604","article-title":"Evaluating the Efficacy of Probiotic on Treatment in Patients with Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)\u2014A Pilot Study","volume":"140","author":"Khalighi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1080\/02772240701699294","article-title":"Mercury in First-Cut Baby Hair of Children with Autism versus Typically-Developing Children","volume":"90","author":"Adams","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol. Environ. Chem."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1177\/0115426505020006634","article-title":"D-Lactic Acidosis","volume":"20","author":"Petersen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200011)43:11<2437::AID-ANR10>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"Severe Organ Involvement in Systemic Sclerosis with Diffuse Scleroderma","volume":"43","author":"Steen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-011-0217-3","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Scleroderma: Recent Progress in Evaluation, Pathogenesis, and Management","volume":"14","author":"Gyger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370902","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders in Scleroderma","volume":"37","author":"Sjogren","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000334","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Manifestations, Malnutrition, and Role of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition in Patients with Scleroderma","volume":"49","author":"Bharadwaj","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7062","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i41.7062","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Complications of Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"19","author":"Tian","year":"2013","journal-title":"WJG"},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.28.4.446","article-title":"Intestinal Involvement in Progressive Systemic Sclerosis Detected by Increased Unconjugated Serum Bile Acids","volume":"28","author":"Stellaard","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_190","first-page":"25","article-title":"Diagnosis of Symptomatic Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease and the Role of Rifaximin in Management","volume":"88","author":"Maconi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Biomed."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key175","article-title":"Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Systemic Sclerosis: A Systematic Review","volume":"57","author":"Pittman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200203070-00005","article-title":"The Management of Rosacea","volume":"3","author":"Rebora","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(67)91361-X","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Observations in Rosacea","volume":"289","author":"Marks","year":"1967","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-020-02352-x","article-title":"Gut Microbiota and Chronic Kidney Disease: Evidences and Mechanisms That Mediate a New Communication in the Gastrointestinal-Renal Axis","volume":"472","author":"Kouyoumdzian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch-Eur. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_195","first-page":"608","article-title":"Pathology of Gastrointestinal Tract in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: An Autopsy Study of 78 Cases","volume":"80","author":"Vaziri","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrios, C., Beaumont, M., Pallister, T., Villar, J., Goodrich, J.K., Clark, A., Pascual, J., Ley, R.E., Spector, T.D., and Bell, J.T. (2015). Gut-Microbiota-Metabolite Axis in Early Renal Function Decline. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134311"},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2016.04.007","article-title":"Gut Microbiome in Chronic Kidney Disease: Challenges and Opportunities","volume":"179","author":"Nallu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e111","DOI":"10.1159\/000074327","article-title":"Uremic Toxins Overload Accelerates Renal Damage in a Rat Model of Chronic Renal Failure","volume":"95","author":"Satoh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nephron. Exp. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1457","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.90769.2008","article-title":"Early Exposure to Germs Modifies Kidney Damage and Inflammation after Experimental Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury","volume":"297","author":"Jang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199605303342207","article-title":"Acute Renal Failure","volume":"334","author":"Thadhani","year":"1996","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.04.048","article-title":"Intestinal Microbiota Control Acute Kidney Injury Severity by Immune Modulation","volume":"98","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014030288","article-title":"Gut Bacteria Products Prevent AKI Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion","volume":"26","author":"Amano","year":"2015","journal-title":"JASN"},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.06.066","article-title":"The Impact of Gut Microbiota on Kidney Function and Pathogenesis","volume":"93","author":"Mahmoodpoor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3118","article-title":"Discovery of New Risk Loci for IgA Nephropathy Implicates Genes Involved in Immunity against Intestinal Pathogens","volume":"46","author":"Kiryluk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05315","article-title":"Gut Dysbiosis Is Linked to Hypertension","volume":"65","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06672","article-title":"Role of the Gut Microbiome in Obstructive Sleep Apnea\u2013Induced Hypertension","volume":"67","author":"Durgan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-016-0882-9","article-title":"Evidence for a Distinct Gut Microbiome in Kidney Stone Formers Compared to Non-Stone Formers","volume":"44","author":"Stern","year":"2016","journal-title":"Urolithiasis"}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/15\/1\/90\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:50:14Z","timestamp":1760147414000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/15\/1\/90"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]]},"references-count":207,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["nu15010090"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15010090","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]]}}}