{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:28:22Z","timestamp":1790116102851,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PharmExtracta S.p.A."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The incidence of Idiopathic Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) is doubled in patients suffering from Celiac Disease (CD) compared to healthy populations. CD genetic components are HLA class II genes known as HLA-DQ2 and DQ8. Genetically susceptible women can remain asymptomatic even though they are exposed to a doubled risk of RPL compared to the general population. Furthermore, CD has been associated with microbiota alterations. The aim of this study is to evaluate endometrial and vaginal microbiota in HLA-DQ2\/DQ8 positive and negative RPL patients compared to healthy pregnant women. Endometrial and vaginal microbiota of 3 subgroups were evaluated: 15 HLA-DQ2\/DQ8 positive RPL women, 25 HLA DQ2\/DQ8 negative RPL women (for a total of 40 RPL women) and 7 healthy fertile controls with previous uncomplicated pregnancies (all HLA-DQ2\/DQ8 negative). The 2 RPL subgroups (HLA-DQ2\/DQ8 positive and negative) showed a different endometrial and vaginal composition in the Lactobacillacae family compared to controls: Lactobacillus acidophilus was absent both in the vaginal and endometrial samples of RPL women, while Lactobaciluus iners, which can favor a less stable vaginal microbiota, was found only in RPL women (26.4% in HLA DQ2\/DQ8 positive and 22.1% HLA DQ2\/DQ8 negative) in both the vaginal and endometrial districts. In conclusion, both HLA DQ2\/DQ8 positive-RPL and HLA DQ2\/DQ8 negative-RPL women showed different endometrial and vaginal microbiota composition compared to healthy controls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15010221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,2]],"date-time":"2023-01-02T02:44:03Z","timestamp":1672627443000},"page":"221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Celiac Disease Predisposition and Genital Tract Microbiota in Women Affected by Recurrent Pregnancy Loss"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8358-6726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Masucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche Di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6160-0558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"D\u2019Ippolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4744-9820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavio","family":"De Maio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Quaranta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Mazzarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delia Mercedes","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche Di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Castellani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Inversetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9780-7059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Sanguinetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche Di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Gasbarrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Scambia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Di Simone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmu007","article-title":"Celiac disease and reproductive disorders: Meta-analysis of epidemiologic associations and potential pathogenic mechanisms","volume":"20","author":"Tersigni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. 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