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Metabolites from the one-carbon metabolism pool are crucial for infant development. The aim of this study is to compare the breast-milk one-carbon metabolic profile to other biofluids where these metabolites are present, including cord and adult blood plasma as well as cerebrospinal fluid. Breast milk (n = 142), cord blood plasma (n = 23), maternal plasma (n = 28), aging adult plasma (n = 91), cerebrospinal fluid (n = 92), and infant milk formula (n = 11) samples were analyzed by LC-MS\/MS to quantify choline, betaine, methionine, S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine, total homocysteine, and cystathionine. Differences between groups were visualized by principal component analysis and analyzed by Kruskal\u2013Wallis test. Correlation analysis was performed between one-carbon metabolites in human breast milk. Principal component analysis based on these metabolites separated breast milk samples from other biofluids. The S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) concentration was significantly higher in breast milk compared to the other biofluids and was absent in infant milk formulas. Despite many significant correlations between metabolites in one-carbon metabolism, there were no significant correlations between SAM and methionine or total homocysteine. Together, our data indicate a high concentration of SAM in breast milk, which may suggest a strong demand for this metabolite during infant early growth while its absence in infant milk formulas may indicate the inadequacy of this vital metabolic nutrient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15020282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T02:20:30Z","timestamp":1672971630000},"page":"282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Revisiting One-Carbon Metabolites in Human Breast Milk: Focus on S-Adenosylmethionine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Carles","family":"Lerin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de D\u00e9u, Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u, 08950 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6204-4864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Carmen","family":"Collado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvira","family":"Isganaitis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erland","family":"Arning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandi","family":"Wasek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen W.","family":"Demerath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, The University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Fields","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4199-7551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teodoro","family":"Bottiglieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Association of Pediatrics (2012). 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