{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T14:36:04Z","timestamp":1770993364773,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute grant","award":["1664"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1664"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) affect 5\u201310% of pregnancies worldwide, and are an independent risk factor for CVD. A greater understanding of the rates of modifiable CVD risk factors in women with a history of HDP can inform CVD prevention priorities in this group. The aim of this study was to understand the rates of individual and multiple modifiable risk factors for CVD (body mass index, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, sitting time, smoking, alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms) among women with a history of HDP, and assess whether they differ to women without a history of HDP. This study is a cross-sectional analysis of self-reported data collected for the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women\u2019s Health (ALSWH). The sample included 5820 women aged 32\u201337 years old, who completed survey 7 of the ALSWH in 2015. Women with a history of HDP had a higher multiple CVD modifiable risk factor score compared to those without HDP (mean (SD): 2.3 (1.4) vs. 2.0 (1.3); p &lt; 0.01). HDP history was significantly associated with a higher body mass index (p &lt; 0.01), high-risk alcohol consumption (p = 0.04) and more depressive symptoms (p &lt; 0.01). Understanding that women with a history of HDP have higher CVD risk factors, specifically body mass index, alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms, allows clinicians to provide appropriate and tailored CVD interventions for this group of women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15020410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T02:29:57Z","timestamp":1673576997000},"page":"410","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Modifiable Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease among Women with and without a History of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9666-4850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaylee","family":"Slater","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medial Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3541-6036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tracy L.","family":"Schumacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medial Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Rural Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ker Nee","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1895-4123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachael M.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medial Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa A.","family":"Shrewsbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medial Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1851-0661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melinda J.","family":"Hutchesson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medial Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (2022, May 11). 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