{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T17:42:53Z","timestamp":1789494173694,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences","award":["Grant-in-Aid for Project Research (2269)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant-in-Aid for Project Research (2269)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aims to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and factors influencing body composition in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Japan. Adults with SCI aged \u2265 20 years who underwent whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry between 2016 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Data from 97 patients were examined. The primary outcome was appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM). Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to assess factors influencing the lean and adipose indices in persons with SCI. Sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity were prevalent in 76%, 85%, and 64% of patients, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that sex (\u03b2 = 0.34, p &lt; 0.001), lesion level (\u03b2 = 0.25, p = 0.007), severity (\u03b2 = 0.20, p = 0.043), and ability to walk (\u03b2 = 0.29, p = 0.006) were independently associated with ASM. Sex (\u03b2 = \u22120.63, p &lt; 0.001) was independently associated with percent body fat. In conclusion, sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity were prevalent among patients with SCI in Japan. Female sex, tetraplegia, motor-complete injury, and inability to walk were risk factors for sarcopenia, whereas female sex was a risk factor for obesity in persons with SCI. A routine monitoring of body composition is necessary, especially among those with multiple risk factors, to identify individuals in need of preventive and therapeutic interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15020473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T02:58:16Z","timestamp":1673924296000},"page":"473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity and Factors Influencing Body Composition in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury in Japan"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ryu","family":"Ishimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Ami 300-0331, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotaka","family":"Mutsuzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Ami 300-0331, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Medical Science, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 300-0394, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7491-4516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukiyo","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7850-4044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kishimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Ami 300-0331, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryoko","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Ami 300-0331, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0292-3493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasushi","family":"Hada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31802b8937","article-title":"Prevalence of obesity and high blood pressure in veterans with spinal cord injuries and disorders: A retrospective review","volume":"86","author":"Weaver","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. 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