{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:04:34Z","timestamp":1792026274985,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,25]],"date-time":"2023-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Persan Farma"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) affects approximately a third of hospitalized patients and is associated with an increased risk of morbimortality. However, DRM is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Our aim is to evaluate the prognostic value of morphofunctional tools and tests for nutritional assessment in clinical practice. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify studies relating to the morphofunctional assessment of nutritional status and mortality or complications. Evidence was evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) method. Twelve GRADE recommendations were made and divided into seven topics: food intake and nutrient assimilation, anthropometry, biochemical analysis, hand grip strength, phase angle, muscle imaging, and functional status and quality of life. From these recommendations, 37 statements were developed and scored in a two-survey Delphi method by 183 experts. A consensus was reached on accepting 26\/37 statements. Surveys had high internal consistency and high inter-rater reliability. In conclusion, evidence-based recommendations were made on the prognostic value of morphofunctional assessment tools and tests to assess malnutrition, most of which were found to be feasible in routine clinical practice, according to expert opinions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T01:57:07Z","timestamp":1674698227000},"page":"612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Expert Consensus on Morphofunctional Assessment in Disease-Related Malnutrition. Grade Review and Delphi Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8570-184X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel","family":"Garc\u00eda-Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"IBIMA, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina, BIONAND, 29590 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"CIBEROBN, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red, Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Quir\u00f3nsalud, 29004 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, University of M\u00e1laga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1311-9970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Garc\u00eda-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Program in Biomedicine, Translational Research and New Health Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, University of M\u00e1laga, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Medical Director, Persan Farma, 35007 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5729-9926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda D.","family":"Ballesteros-Pomar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Le\u00f3n, 24071 Le\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7646-2899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Olveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBIMA, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina, BIONAND, 29590 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, University of M\u00e1laga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Regional Universitario de M\u00e1laga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERDEM, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Dermatology, University of M\u00e1laga, 29016 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3144-343X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan J.","family":"Lopez-Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8384-043X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Bellido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, 41013 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0263-3728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Bret\u00f3n Lesmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Burgos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Support Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7758-3588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Sanz-Paris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (IIS) Arag\u00f3n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1424-8352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Matia-Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Medicine Department, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9947-0974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Botella Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Hospitalario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Ocon Breton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Zugasti Murillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, 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